Using Language 课文精读 · 铁道看加拿大：多伦多与蒙特利尔
一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
After Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto, the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to carry on to the next leg of their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of the city. They went up the CN Tower, from where they looked over the shores of Lake Ontario and, in the distance, saw the misty cloud that rose from the Niagara Falls.
李黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多后，距她们继续前往下一站蒙特利尔只剩几个小时可打发，于是她们逛了逛这座城市。她们登上加拿大国家电视塔，从塔上俯瞰安大略湖岸，并在远处望见尼亚加拉瀑布升腾起的茫茫水雾。
第2段
The girls saw hundreds of skyscrapers of glass and steel and old-fashioned cars rolling by. As they walked north, Daiyu said, “My mother’s old classmate, Lin Fei, lives here. I should give her a call and see if she is available for dinner.”
两个女孩看到许多玻璃与钢铁筑成的摩天大楼，以及驶过的老式汽车。向北走时，黛予说："我妈妈的老同学林菲住在这里。我得给她打个电话，看看她是否有空一起吃晚饭。"
第3段
They met Lin Fei around dusk over dinner at a restaurant in downtown Chinatown. The cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years before. “This is the largest Chinatown in Toronto,” Lin Fei told them. “We have a few more in the Greater Toronto Area, so you can guess there are a lot of Chinese people in Canada! Chinese people have been coming to Canada for more than a hundred years. So we can get all kinds of Chinese food here.”
黄昏时分，她们在市中心唐人街的一家餐馆与林菲共进晚餐。表姐妹和多年前移居加拿大的林菲聊了起来。"这是多伦多最大的唐人街，"林菲告诉她们，"大多伦多地区还有好几处，你们可以想见加拿大华人不少！中国人来加拿大已有一百多年。所以我们在这儿能吃到各式各样的中国菜。"
第4段
The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal early the next morning. At the station, they heard people speaking French, which was a bit of a surprise to them. They found all the signs and advertisements were in French, and many people spoke English with an accent.
火车那晚迟发，次日清晨抵达蒙特利尔。在车站，她们听见人们讲法语，这令她们有点意外。她们发现所有的标识和广告都用法文书写，而且许多人讲英语带着口音。
第5段
“We don’t leave until this evening,” said Liu Qian. “Let’s go downtown. Old Montreal is close to the water.” They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces along St Paul Street. As the sun set, they found themselves sitting in a cafe beside a wide river — the St Lawrence River.
"我们要到傍晚才走，"刘倩说，"咱们去市中心吧。蒙特利尔老城就在水边。"她们整个下午都在可爱的店铺间流连，并拜访了圣保罗街工作坊里的艺术家。夕阳西下时，她们发现自己正坐在一家咖啡馆里，身旁是一条宽阔的河流——圣劳伦斯河。
第6段
A photographer came over and said, “Hello, my name is Jean-Philippe. I’m a photographer. I was wondering where you are from.” The girls told him they were from China and were on a train trip across Canada. When they told him they could only spend one day in Montreal, he said, “That’s too bad. You should stay longer. In general, Montreal is a city with wonderful sights and sounds. Most of us speak both English and French. The city has a wonderful reputation for its cuisine and culture, with a unique mix of European and North American styles.”
一位摄影师走过来说道："你们好，我叫让-菲利普，是一名摄影师。我想知道你们来自哪里。"女孩们告诉他，她们来自中国，正在加拿大作横跨大陆的火车之旅。当她们说在蒙特利尔只能待一天时，他说："那太遗憾了，你们该多住几天。总的来说，蒙特利尔是一座声色俱佳的城市。我们大多数人都同时讲英语和法语。这座城市以其美食和文化闻名，独特地融合了欧洲与北美风格。"
第7段
That night the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River towards the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast and the province of Nova Scotia and its largest city Halifax. In their dreams, the cousins thought about the beautiful cobblestone streets, the old brick buildings and the red maple leaves of Montreal.
当晚，火车沿圣劳伦斯河飞驰，驶向圣劳伦斯湾，再奔向遥远东海岸的新斯科舍省及其最大城市哈利法克斯。在梦中，表姐妹俩回味着蒙特利尔美丽的鹅卵石街道、古老的砖砌建筑与红红的枫叶。
二、重点单词
wealthiest adj.：最富有的（wealthy 的最高级）。the largest and wealthiest city
kill v.：（时间）消磨；打发。a few hours to kill（几小时要打发）
carry v.：继续进行。carry on to the next leg
leg n.：（旅程的）一段。the next leg of their trip
skyscraper n.：摩天大楼。hundreds of skyscrapers
steel n.：钢；钢铁。glass and steel（玻璃与钢铁）
old-fashioned adj.：老式的；过时的。old-fashioned cars
dusk n.：黄昏；傍晚。around dusk（黄昏时分）
downtown n. / adj.：市中心（的）。downtown Chinatown
advertisement n.：广告。signs and advertisements
accent n.：口音；重音。spoke English with an accent
cobblestone n.：鹅卵石。cobblestone streets
reputation n.：名誉；声誉。a reputation for its cuisine
unique adj.：独特的；独一无二的。a unique mix of ...
gulf n.：海湾。the Gulf of St Lawrence
distant adj.：遥远的。the distant east coast
mixture n.：混合；融合。a unique mix of styles
三、一词多义与熟词生义
kill 常见义"杀死、杀害"，课文 a few hours to kill 为固定搭配，指"消磨/打发（时间）"。
leg 常见义"腿、腿部"，课文 the next leg of their trip 指"（旅程的）一段、一站"。
downtown 常见义作副词"在市中心"，课文 downtown Chinatown / go downtown 中作名词性，指"市中心（区）"。
reputation 常见义"名声（常含贬义）"，课文 has a reputation for 表"以……著称"，为中性/褒义。
mixture 常见义"混合物"，课文 a unique mix of European and North American styles 指"独特融合（风格）"。
四、重点词块
arrive in 到达（较大地方）
the largest and wealthiest city 最大最富有的城市
have a few hours to kill 有几小时要打发
carry on to 继续前往
the next leg of the trip 行程的下一段
go on a tour of 游览；参观
look over 俯瞰；眺望
in the distance 在远处
old-fashioned cars 老式汽车
give sb a call 给某人打电话
be available for 有空做……
around dusk 黄昏时分
downtown Chinatown 市中心唐人街
the Greater Toronto Area 大多伦多地区
speak with an accent 带着口音说话
go downtown 去市中心
close to the water 靠近水边
find oneself doing 发现自己（处于某种状态）
in general 总的来说
have a reputation for 以……闻名
a mix of ……的混合/融合
speed along 沿……疾驰
think about 回想；想到
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】After Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto, the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to carry on to the next leg of their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of the city.
【主干】they had a few hours to kill ..., so they went on a tour.
【分层】After 引导时间状语从句；the largest and wealthiest city in Canada 为 Toronto 的同位语；before they had to carry on ... 为 before 引导的时间状语从句；so 引出结果。
【译文】黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大最富有的城市多伦多后，距继续前往蒙特利尔只剩几小时可打发，于是她们逛了逛城市。
【考点】时间状语从句；同位语；before 从句；so 结果连词。
【原句 2】They went up the CN Tower, from where they looked over the shores of Lake Ontario and, in the distance, saw the misty cloud that rose from the Niagara Falls.
【主干】They went up the CN Tower, from where they looked over ... and saw ...
【分层】from where 引导非限制性定语从句，where 指代 the CN Tower，表"从塔上"；and 连接 looked over 与 saw 两个谓语；that rose from ... 为定语从句修饰 cloud。
【译文】她们登上国家电视塔，从塔上俯瞰安大略湖岸，并在远处望见尼亚加拉瀑布升腾的茫茫水雾。
【考点】from where 非限制性定语从句；并列谓语；that 定语从句。
【原句 3】The girls saw hundreds of skyscrapers of glass and steel and old-fashioned cars rolling by.
【主干】The girls saw skyscrapers and cars.
【分层】of glass and steel 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 skyscrapers；rolling by 为现在分词作后置定语修饰 cars，表主动进行。
【译文】女孩们看到许多玻璃与钢铁筑成的摩天大楼，以及驶过的老式汽车。
【考点】介词短语后置定语；现在分词作后置定语。
【原句 4】At the station, they heard people speaking French, which was a bit of a surprise to them.
【主干】they heard people speaking French.
【分层】speaking French 为现在分词作宾语 people 的补足语（ hear sb doing）；which was ... 为非限制性定语从句指代前面整件事（听到法语）。
【译文】在车站，她们听见人们讲法语，这令她们有点意外。
【考点】hear sb doing 宾补；which 非限制性定语从句。
【原句 5】As the sun set, they found themselves sitting in a cafe beside a wide river — the St Lawrence River.
【主干】they found themselves sitting in a cafe.
【分层】As the sun set 为 as 引导的时间状语从句；find oneself doing 为"发现自己处于……状态"结构；破折号后 the St Lawrence River 为 a wide river 的同位语。
【译文】夕阳西下时，她们发现自己正坐在一家咖啡馆里，身旁是一条宽阔的河流——圣劳伦斯河。
【考点】as 时间状语从句；find oneself doing；同位语。
六、语法点清单
1. 同位语
the largest and wealthiest city in Canada（解释 Toronto）；the St Lawrence River（解释 a wide river）。同位语紧跟被解释名词。
2. 定语从句（from where / that / which）
from where they looked ...（介词+关系副词）；that rose from ...（限制性）；which was a surprise（非限制性）。
3. 现在分词作定语与宾补
cars rolling by（定语）；people speaking French（hear 的宾补）。现在分词表主动、进行。
4. find oneself doing 结构
they found themselves sitting ...，表示"不知不觉发现自己处于某种状态"，是叙事常用句。
5. 直接引语与间接引语
全文大量使用直接引语（Lin Fei、Liu Qian、Jean-Philippe 的话），增强现场感与真实感。
6. 空间与方位表达
downtown, close to the water, beside a wide river, in the distance, along St Paul Street。游记类文本的高频结构。
七、逻辑链
抵多伦多（第1—2段）：最大最富城市，几小时闲逛——登 CN 塔俯瞰安大略湖与尼亚加拉瀑布；玻璃钢楼与老式车，黛予联系林菲
↓
唐人街晚餐（第3段）：林菲（早年移加）道出大多伦多多处唐人街、华人逾百年、中餐齐全
↓
抵蒙特利尔（第4段）：法语标识与口音，出人意料
↓
老城漫步（第5段）：近水老城，圣保罗街访艺术家，黄昏圣劳伦斯河畔咖啡馆
↓
偶遇摄影师（第6段）：Jean-Philippe 赞蒙城英法双语、美食文化独特融合
↓
夜行（第7段）：火车沿圣劳伦斯河向哈利法克斯疾驰，梦中回味蒙城
这是一篇"城市速写"：以双城（多伦多→蒙特利尔）为序，借"地标—人物—语言—文化"四个维度展开，大量直接引语与空间介词，是"边走边记"式游记的典范。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：After ... arrived in ..., the largest and wealthiest city ..., they only had a few hours to kill before ...
课文：After Daiyu arrived in Toronto, the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to carry on.
仿写：After we arrived in Shanghai, the largest city in China, we only had a few hours to kill before the conference.（我们抵达中国最大城市上海后，距开会只剩几小时可打发。）——用于到达大城市、时间仓促的游记起笔。
模板 2：They went up ..., from where they looked over ...
课文：They went up the CN Tower, from where they looked over the shores of Lake Ontario.
仿写：We climbed the hill, from where we looked over the whole valley.（我们爬上山丘，从那里俯瞰整个山谷。）——from where 定语从句写景。
模板 3：At the station, they heard people speaking ..., which was a bit of a surprise.
课文：At the station, they heard people speaking French, which was a bit of a surprise to them.
仿写：At the market, we heard vendors speaking a dialect, which was a bit of a surprise.（在集市，我们听到商贩讲方言，有点意外。）——hear sb doing + which 从句。
模板 4：As the sun set, they found themselves sitting ...
课文：As the sun set, they found themselves sitting in a cafe beside a wide river.
仿写：As the sun set, we found ourselves sitting on the beach watching the waves.（夕阳西下，我们发现自己正坐在海滩上看浪。）——as 时间状语从句 + find oneself doing。
模板 5：In general, ... is a city with wonderful sights and sounds.
课文：In general, Montreal is a city with wonderful sights and sounds.
仿写：In general, this town is a place with wonderful sights and sounds.（总的来说，这座小镇声色俱佳。）——用于总结城市印象。
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