Reading and Thinking 课文精读 · 穿越加拿大的火车之旅
一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast. Rather than travel by commercial plane, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.
李黛予和表妹刘倩前往加拿大，探望住在大西洋沿岸哈利法克斯的表兄妹。她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再乘火车。一想到能坐火车横穿整个大陆，姐妹俩就激动不已。
第2段
Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the sights. During their first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained. Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visited an island that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques. The next day was clear and mild, and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.
出发前，她们在温哥华待了几天，观光游览。第一天，正如温哥华的典型天气，下起了雨。尽管天气不佳，她们仍乘船驶入海湾，后来又游览了一座岛，岛上有精致的店铺，售卖手工艺品和古董。第二天晴朗温和，她们高兴地看到壮美的群山俯瞰着城市。
第3段
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. When the train arrived, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. After staying overnight, they took a coach bound north to Jasper.
次日清晨，两个女孩早早起床，乘火车前往路易斯湖，穿越加拿大落基山脉。从车窗望去，加拿大的山川森林显得浩瀚无比。火车到站后，她们乘出租车前往路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水以其非凡之美简直令她们屏息惊叹。住了一夜之后，她们乘上一辆北行的大巴前往贾斯珀。
第4段
From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto. One of the train’s first stops was in Edmonton, the provincial capital of Alberta, and the centre of Canada’s huge oil and gas industry. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10°C. Since it is close to the cold northern hills, it is a popular place for outdoor activities.
从贾斯珀，她们搭上开往多伦多的火车。火车的头几站中有一站是埃德蒙顿——艾伯塔省的省会，也是加拿大庞大油气工业的中心。埃德蒙顿冬季严寒，日均气温为零下10摄氏度。由于靠近寒冷的北部丘陵，这里是户外活动的热门之地。
第5段
From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. At school, Daiyu and Liu Qian had learnt that Canada’s population is only slightly over 37 million. But they were surprised to see such a vast country. They went through two wheat-growing provinces, and saw fields of grain extending far into the distance.
火车从埃德蒙顿出发，向东南穿越加拿大大草原。黛予和刘倩在学校里学过，加拿大人口仅略多于3700万。但看到如此辽阔的国度，她们仍惊叹不已。她们穿过两个种植小麦的省份，看到片片麦田延伸至远方。
第6段
After another day on the train, eventually they were back in an urban area, the city of Winnipeg. From there, they travelled through the night, and woke up the next morning to see a land of forests and lakes — the province of Ontario. The train continued east, through hills and forests, while the maple trees outside turned red, gold and orange, and the ground was covered with fallen leaves.
在火车上又过了一天，她们终于回到都市区——温尼伯市。从那里出发，她们连夜前行，次日清晨醒来，看到一片森林与湖泊之地——安大略省。火车继续向东，穿过丘陵与森林，窗外枫树变成红、金、橘三色，地面铺满落叶。姐妹俩一路向东，驶向大西洋岸的目的地哈利法克斯，为这片辽阔土地的壮美而感叹。
二、重点单词
continent n.：大陆；洲。cross the whole continent（横穿整个大陆）
commercial adj.：商业的；民用的。travel by commercial plane
sight n.：风景；景象。seeing the sights（观光）
antique n. / adj.：古董（的）。shops selling antiques
mild adj.：温和的；暖和的。The next day was clear and mild.
massive adj.：巨大的；庞大的。looked massive（显得浩瀚）
exceptional adj.：卓越的；罕见的。its exceptional beauty
breath n.：呼吸。take one’s breath away（令人惊叹）
overnight adv.：在夜间；隔夜。After staying overnight
coach n.：长途汽车；客车。took a coach bound north
bound adj.：开往……的。bound north（北行的）
prairie n.：大草原。the great Canadian Prairie
grain n.：谷物；粮食。fields of grain（麦田）
extend v.：延伸；延续。extending far into the distance
urban adj.：城市的。back in an urban area
surround v.：包围；环绕。forests and lakes（被森林湖泊环绕之地）
thunder v.：轰隆隆地行进。The train thundered on.（火车轰隆前行）
三、一词多义与熟词生义
sight 常见义"视力、视野"，课文 seeing the sights 为固定搭配，指"观光、游览名胜"。
mild 常见义"轻微的、温和的（性格/处罚）"，课文 clear and mild 形容"天气温和宜人"。
coach 常见义"教练"，课文 took a coach 指"长途客车/大巴"，是英式用法。
bound 常见义"受约束的、必然的"，课文 bound north 源于 be bound for，意为"开往/前往（北方）的"。
urban 常见义"城市的"，与 rural（农村的）相对；课文 back in an urban area 指"回到城市区域"。
四、重点词块
rather than 而不是
travel by commercial plane 乘商业航班旅行
spend a couple of days 待上几天
see the sights 观光；游览
as is typical of 正如……的典型情况
take a boat ride 乘船游览
look out over 俯瞰；远眺
arise early 早早起床
pass through 穿过；经过
take one’s breath away 令人惊叹；使屏息
stay overnight 过夜；留宿
be bound for 开往……的；前往
catch the train 赶火车；搭乘火车
the provincial capital 省会
head southeast 向东南行进
go through 穿过；经过
extend far into the distance 延伸至远方
wake up to see 醒来看到
be covered with 被……覆盖
head eastward 向东行进
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】Rather than travel by commercial plane, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.
【主干】they decided to fly ... and take the train.
【分层】Rather than travel ... 为"rather than + 动词原形"作状语，表"而非……"；fly to ... 与 take the train 为并列不定式作 decided 的宾语。
【译文】她们没有乘商业航班，而是决定先飞温哥华，再乘火车。
【考点】rather than + 动词原形；并列不定式。
【原句 2】During their first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained.
【主干】it rained.
【分层】During their first day 为时间状语；as is typical of Vancouver 为 as 引导的非限制性定语从句，as 指代前面"下雨"这件事，意为"正如温哥华典型的那样"。
【译文】第一天，正如温哥华的典型天气，下起了雨。
【考点】as 引导非限制性定语从句（指代主句内容）。
【原句 3】Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
【主干】the mountains and forests looked massive.
【分层】Seen from the train window 为过去分词短语作状语，逻辑主语是主句主语 mountains and forests，二者为被动关系（被从车窗看到）。
【译文】从车窗望去，加拿大的山川森林显得浩瀚无比。
【考点】过去分词作状语（被动）；逻辑主语一致。
【原句 4】When the train arrived, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
【主干】they took a taxi to Lake Louise.
【分层】When 引导时间状语从句；where the blue water ... 为非限制性定语从句修饰 Lake Louise；take one’s breath away 为固定搭配"令人惊叹"。
【译文】火车到站后，她们乘出租车前往路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水以其非凡之美简直令她们屏息惊叹。
【考点】when 时间状语从句；where 非限制性定语从句；固定搭配。
【原句 5】At school, Daiyu and Liu Qian had learnt that Canada’s population is only slightly over 37 million.
【主干】Daiyu and Liu Qian had learnt that ...
【分层】At school 为地点状语；that 引导宾语从句，从句谓语 is 用一般现在时表客观事实（人口数据），与主句过去时形成"过去知道一个现在仍真的事实"。
【译文】黛予和刘倩在学校里学过，加拿大人口仅略多于3700万。
【考点】that 宾语从句；客观事实用一般现在时。
【原句 6】... and woke up the next morning to see a land of forests and lakes — the province of Ontario.
【主干】... woke up to see a land ...
【分层】to see ... 为不定式作结果/伴随状语，说明"醒来"时看到的景象；破折号后 the province of Ontario 为 a land of forests and lakes 的同位语。
【译文】……次日清晨醒来，看到一片森林与湖泊之地——安大略省。
【考点】不定式作结果状语；同位语解释。
六、语法点清单
1. rather than + 动词原形
Rather than travel by plane, they decided to ...。rather than 后接不带 to 的不定式，表"而不是"。
2. as 引导非限制性定语从句
as is typical of Vancouver，as 指代主句"下雨"一事，意为"正如……那样"，位置灵活。
3. 过去分词作状语（Seen from ...）
Seen from the train window，表被动与条件，逻辑主语须与主句一致。
4. 现在分词作定语与状语
selling crafts（定语）；looking out over（定语）；extending far（定语）；Heading east / thundered on（伴随/谓语）。
5. 定语从句（where / that）
where ... took their breath away（地点）；that Canada's population is ...（宾语）。
6. 时态配合
主句过去时（decided, learnt, were），宾语从句客观事实用一般现在时（is over 37 million）。
七、逻辑链
启程（第1段）：赴加探望哈利法克斯亲友，弃机选火车，横穿大陆令二人激动
↓
温哥华（第2段）：两日观光——雨中泛舟、登岛淘宝；次日晴暖望山
↓
落基山→路易斯湖（第3段）：车窗览景，湖水之美令人屏息；夜宿后北行贾斯珀
↓
草原区（第4—5段）：经埃德蒙顿（油气中心、寒冬）→ 东南穿大草原，麦田绵延，惊叹国土辽阔
↓
东进（第6段）：温尼伯→安大略（森林湖泊、秋叶满地），一路向东驶向目的地
这是一篇"游记/记叙文"：以时间与路线为线索（温哥华→落基山→贾斯珀→埃德蒙顿→草原→安大略），用现在分词/过去分词刻画沿途景物，是"移动视角"写景的范本。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：Rather than ..., they decided to ...
课文：Rather than travel by commercial plane, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.
仿写：Rather than take a taxi, we decided to ride the subway and then walk.（我们没打车，而是决定先乘地铁再步行。）——用于描述"另选方式"。
模板 2：Before starting out, ... spent a couple of days ...
课文：Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the sights.
仿写：Before starting out, we spent a couple of days in the old town, seeing the sights.（出发前，我们在老城待了几天观光。）——用于游记开头。
模板 3：Seen from ..., ... looked ...
课文：Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests looked massive.
仿写：Seen from the top of the hill, the whole village looked tiny.（从山顶望去，整个村庄显得很小。）——过去分词作状语写景。
模板 4：... where the ... took their breath away ...
课文：Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
仿写：We reached the cliff, where the sunset took our breath away with its golden light.（我们到达悬崖，那里金色的日落令人屏息。）——where 定语从句 + 固定搭配。
模板 5：They were surprised to see ...
课文：But they were surprised to see such a vast country.
仿写：We were surprised to see so many stars in the night sky.（我们惊讶地看到夜空中有这么多星星。）——be surprised to do 表意外。
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