Understanding ideas 课文精读 · 与无国界医生奋战100天
一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
22 March 2015. Today we celebrate. It's exactly one month since the last reported case. But it is vital not to take any chances. So, 20 health care workers from almost as many countries, comrades in arms, raise virtual glasses to each other.
2015年3月22日。我们今天庆祝了一番，因为距离发现上一个报告病例已经整整一个月了。但重要的是我们不能心存侥幸。所以，我们这20位来自世界各地的医护人员，也是战友们，假装举杯，互相庆祝。
第2段
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago. When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help. I knew I was putting my life at risk, but I thought, "If I don't do it, who will?" It is important to remember that Ebola doesn't respect national boundaries. There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else involved in combating this terrible disease.
大约三个月前，我随无国界医生一起来到利比里亚。当我从新闻上看到一幅幅凄惨的画面时，我觉得作为医生我有责任到那里去帮忙。我知道这样做是在冒生命危险，但是我想："假如我不去做，又有谁会去呢？"重要的是要记住，埃博拉病毒传播起来是不分国界的。医生、病人或者任何被迫与这种可怕的疾病抗衡的人都是不分国界的。
第3段
My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting. Emma spent an hour with me in the staff room talking me through the daily routine. As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us. Later, Emma introduced me to some of the others working for or alongside MSF: Wilton, a young local man, who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and who disinfected clothing and surfaces; Maisy, a retired public health official from Darwin, Australia, whose local team of volunteers educated people on preventing infection; Alfonso, a soft-spoken Argentinian doctor in his 50s, who had previously worked on Ebola outbreaks in Sierra Leone and Guinea. The list went on. I found that I was the only Chinese doctor among people of all ages, colours and beliefs, from every continent except Antarctica. With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
我的任务是接替埃玛，她是一位加拿大传染病专家，任期届满。我和埃玛在办公室用了一个小时交接日常工作。她说话的时候，我可以听到隔壁桌传过来的谈话声，至少混着三种不同的语言。接着，埃玛向我介绍了几个人，他们都是无国界医生的工作人员，或者同该组织一起工作的人：威尔顿是位当地的年轻人，他帮忙把重症患者带进治疗所，负责衣物及皮肤表面消毒；迈西来自澳大利亚的达尔文市，是一名退休的公共卫生官员，他带领当地的志愿者团队给人们进行预防传染培训；阿方索是一位五十来岁的阿根廷医生，说起话来温声细语，曾参与抗击前几次塞拉利昂和几内亚爆发的埃博拉病毒。埃玛还介绍了其他人。这些人来自除南极洲外的世界各地，各种年龄、肤色、信仰都有，而我发现自己是其中唯一一位中国医生。能够和在这里遇到的人一起，成为这个杰出小组的一员，我心中的自豪感油然而生，大家双眼中都熠熠闪耀着奉献精神的光芒。
第4段
In the few weeks since then, I have come to know these people very well. We have worked together, surrounded by blood, vomit and death. But, although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
接下来的几个礼拜里，我已经开始和大家熟稔起来。我们一起工作，周围充斥着血液、呕吐物和死亡。不过，虽然死亡率极高，但是我们永远不会放弃任何一个患者，何况我们的努力有时真的会产生奇迹。
第5段
Just after my arrival, a family of six were brought here in the back of a van. All of them were infected. The twin girls and their parents soon died. We knew there was little hope for the brothers but we did everything we could to save them. When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed to see that against all odds, both boys were still alive. Pascal and Daniel have since made a full recovery. This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunate cases.
就在我刚刚来到这儿的时候，有一家六口躺在小货车的车斗里被运了过来。他们全都被感染了。不久，其中一对双胞胎姐妹和她们的父母就去世了。我们知道，剩下的兄弟俩也希望渺茫，但是我们竭尽所能去救治他们。第二天早上，我们去病房探望时惊讶地发现，虽然历经千险，两个男孩仍然活了下来。此后，帕斯卡尔和丹尼尔的病痊愈了。这次小小的却出乎意料的成功相对其他没有那么幸运的病例来说，是一种弥补。
第6段
To be caught up in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people, not only between carers and patients, but also between all those who have come from different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause. It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton, Maisy, and Alfonso, not to mention all the others I have worked with.
患难与共的经历在人与人之间建立了紧密的纽带，不仅仅在于医护人员与患者之间，还在于所有来自世界各地、因为共同事业聚在一起的人们之间。有威尔顿、迈西和阿方索这样的同事已令我倍感鼓舞，更别提其他所有和我们一起共事的人了。
第7段
Now my time is almost up. In a few days, someone else will arrive to step into my shoes, and the tireless work that the MSF members do in more than 70 countries and regions around the world will go on. In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
如今我的任期也快结束了。几天后，另一个人就会到达这里，接替我的工作。而无国界医生的成员们将在全世界超过70个国家与地区继续不知疲倦地工作着。这个世界仍然面临着许多问题，我们所有人都必须团结合作，打造一个共享和平繁荣未来的"地球村"。
二、重点单词
vital adj.：至关重要的；生死攸关的。it is vital not to take any chances
comrade n.：同志；战友。comrades in arms
mission n.：使命；派驻任务。My mission was to relieve Emma
relieve v.：接替；缓解。to relieve Emma at the end of her posting
specialist n.：专家。a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases
disinfect v.：消毒；杀菌。disinfected clothing and surfaces
devotion n.：奉献；忠诚。whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes
extraordinary adj.：非凡的；杰出的。this extraordinary team
bond n.：纽带；联系。creates powerful bonds between people
inspire v.：鼓舞；激励。It is so inspiring to have colleagues like them
miracle n.：奇迹。our efforts do sometimes end in miracles
recovery n.：康复；恢复。have since made a full recovery
collaborate v.：合作；协作。essential for us all to collaborate
prosperity n.：繁荣；兴旺。a shared future of peace and prosperity
三、一词多义与熟词生义
chance 常见义"机会"，课文 take any chances 为固定搭配，意为"心存侥幸、冒险（大意）"，否定式强调不可松懈。
mission 常见指"使命、宗教传教"，本课 my mission was to relieve Emma 取"派驻任务、工作职责"义，指作者接替同事的工作安排。
relieve 常见义"缓解（痛苦、压力）"，课文 to relieve Emma 意为"接替（某人的工作）"，是职场专用义。
raise 常见"举起、提高"，课文 raise virtual glasses 指"举（酒）杯"；virtual（虚拟的）说明因防疫无法真正饮酒，只能"隔空干杯"。
bond 常见指"债券、契约"，课文 powerful bonds 指人与人之间"情感纽带、联系"，为比喻用法。
shoes 字面"鞋子"，step into my shoes 是习语，意为"接替某人的位置/工作"。
四、重点词块
take any chances 心存侥幸；冒险
comrades in arms 战友
raise virtual glasses 举（虚拟）杯
put one's life at risk 冒生命危险
respect national boundaries 尊重国界
be involved in 参与；卷入
relieve sb (of work) 接替某人（的工作）
talk sb through 给某人逐步讲解
at the end of one's posting 任期届满时
a sense of pride 自豪感
devotion to the cause 对事业的奉献
give up on a patient 放弃某个病人
against all odds 排除万难；历经艰险
make a full recovery 完全康复
step into one's shoes 接替某人的工作
a shared future of peace and prosperity 和平繁荣的共享未来
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.
【主干】I felt it was my duty to go there and offer my help.
【分层】When 引导时间状语从句；主句 it 为形式主语，真正主语是不定式 to go... and offer...；felt 后接省略 that 的宾语从句；as a doctor 为介词短语作定语修饰 duty。
【译文】当我从新闻上看到凄惨的画面时，我觉得作为医生我有责任到那里去帮忙。
【考点】when 时间状语从句；it 作形式主语；不定式真正主语。
【原句 2】My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
【主干】My mission was to relieve Emma.
【分层】表语为不定式 to relieve Emma；a Canadian specialist... 为 Emma 的同位语，其中 in infectious diseases 与 at the end of her posting 均为介词短语作后置定语。
【译文】我的任务是接替埃玛，她是一位加拿大传染病专家，任期届满。
【考点】不定式作表语；同位语；介词短语后置定语。
【原句 3】I found that I was the only Chinese doctor among people of all ages, colours and beliefs, from every continent except Antarctica.
【主干】I found that I was the only Chinese doctor among people...
【分层】found 后接 that 宾语从句；从句中含 of all ages, colours and beliefs 与 from every continent except Antarctica 两个后置定语修饰 people，形成排比强调多元。
【译文】我发现自己是来自世界各地、各种年龄肤色信仰的人中唯一一位中国医生。
【考点】that 宾语从句；多重后置定语；介词 except。
【原句 4】With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
【主干】I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this team.
【分层】With each person (that) I met 为 with 介词短语作伴随/原因状语，含省略关系词的定语从句；as part of... 为介词短语作状语；whose 引导非限制性定语从句修饰 team。
【译文】每遇到一个人，我都因成为这个杰出团队的一员而自豪感油然而生，大家眼中闪耀着奉献之光。
【考点】with 复合结构；定语从句省略；whose 非限制性定语从句。
【原句 5】To be caught up in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people, not only between carers and patients, but also between all those who have come from different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause.
【主干】To be caught up in a crisis creates powerful bonds between people.
【分层】主语为不定式被动式 To be caught up；creates 为谓语；between people 后接 not only... but also... 并列结构；those 后接 who 引导的定语从句，内含两个并列谓语 have come 与 (have) joined。
【译文】陷入这样的危机，会在人与人之间建立紧密纽带，不仅在医护与患者间，也在来自世界各地、为共同事业团结起来的人们之间。
【考点】不定式被动式作主语；not only... but also 并列；who 定语从句。
六、语法点清单
1. it 作形式主语 / 形式宾语
It is vital not to take any chances；I felt it was my duty...。it 替代不定式或从句，避免头重脚轻。
2. 同位语
a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases；a young local man；a retired public health official。解释前文人名身份。
3. 定语从句（who / whose / that）
who helped carry... and who disinfected...；whose devotion...；all those who have come...。注意 who 在从句中作主语，whose 表所属。
4. 非谓语动词（不定式 / 分词）
to relieve / to go / to create（主语或表语不定式）；being spoken（现在分词被动）；caught up（过去分词）；shone from（分词定语）。
5. 现在完成时（have done）
have come to know；have worked；have since made。强调从过去延续至今的状态或动作影响。
6. 插入与并列（not only... but also / not to mention）
not only between... but also between...；not to mention all the others。增强语势、补充信息。
七、逻辑链
庆祝（第1段）：疫情一个月无新增，但不可侥幸，多国战友"虚拟举杯"
↓
初心（第2段）：目睹惨状，医生责任感驱使前往，不惧生命危险——病毒无国界
↓
团队（第3段）：接替 Emma，结识多国志愿者，作为唯一种族自豪感油生
↓
坚守（第4—5段）：与血污死亡共处却不弃患者；一家六口仅两兄弟奇迹生还
↓
纽带（第6段）：患难与共凝结跨国情谊，共同事业鼓舞人心
↓
接力（第7段）：任期将尽，后来者接棒，MSF 全球延续，呼吁共建命运共同体
这是一篇"日记体纪实"散文：第1—2段以庆祝切入，交代出征动机与"无国界"信念；第3—6段是核心，借团队群像与救治案例展现奉献与国际情谊；第7段收束于接力与呼吁，升华"人类命运共同体"主题。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：It is vital not to ...
课文：But it is vital not to take any chances.
仿写：Before an exam, it is vital not to stay up too late.（考前至关重要的是别熬夜太晚。）——用于强调必要事项。
模板 2：I felt it was my duty as ... to ...
课文：I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.
仿写：He felt it was his duty as a citizen to take part in the volunteer work.（他觉得自己作为公民有责任参与志愿工作。）——用于表达责任感。
模板 3：... is the only ... among ...
课文：I was the only Chinese doctor among people of all ages, colours and beliefs.
仿写：She was the only girl among the team members who won the prize.（她是队员中唯一获奖的女孩。）——用于突出唯一性。
模板 4：To be caught up in ... creates ...
课文：To be caught up in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people.
仿写：To be involved in this project created a deep friendship between us.（参与这个项目让我们之间建立了深厚友谊。）——用于说明经历带来的结果。
模板 5：It is essential for us all to ...
课文：it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a better world.
仿写：It is essential for us all to protect the environment for future generations.（我们所有人都必须保护环境，造福后代。）——用于结尾呼吁。
支付后无法下载，请加客服微信：yxyh29661 建议在QQ等浏览器中注册登录后下载，可用QQ登录 谢谢配合。