Understanding ideas 课文精读 · 我们抱歉地通知您
一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
“We regret to inform you...” These are the words that every writer dreads receiving, but words every writer knows well. The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence. You may have spent years giving up your weekends and free time to write your life’s work, yet still this is often not enough. Everyone knows that success rarely happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection.
"我们抱歉地通知您……" 这句话对每个作家而言既害怕又熟悉。出版商给了反馈，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，心随即跌落谷底。你可能已经花费数年时间，放弃了周末和空闲时间去创作你的毕生作品，但这往往还不够。大家都明白，成功不是一蹴而就的；但也许很多人都不知道，许多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。
第2段
Take for example J.K. Rowling. When she received her first rejection letter, she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers, and stuck it on her kitchen wall. Rowling had spent years surviving on little money, spending all her time writing. When she finally finished her first book, she received comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for children”, “too long”, “Children would not be interested in it”. Nevertheless, she persevered. “I wasn’t going to give up until every single publisher turned me down, but I often feared that would happen,” she later posted. After a total of twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.
以 J. K. 罗琳为例。当她收到第一封拒稿信时，她决定把这看作是自己与喜爱的作家之间有了共同之处，并把这封信贴在厨房的墙上。罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活，她把所有时间都用在写作上。当她终于完成第一本书时，出版商给出的评价却是"对孩子来说太难理解" "太长" "孩子们不会对它感兴趣"等等。尽管如此，她还是坚持了下来。"我不会放弃的，除非所有的出版商都拒绝我。不过我常常担心这真的会发生。"她后来说。在收到12封拒稿信后，终于有一家出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册。我们都知道，《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。
第3段
All too often writers of great works have had to face criticism along with rejection. J.D. Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to get his works published. “We feel that we don’t know the central character well enough” was the criticism he received on his manuscript for The Catcher in the Rye. Despite rejections from several publishers, J.D. Salinger refused to give up. Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World War, he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war service. When it was eventually published, the book became an immediate best-seller and went on to sell millions and millions of copies.
伟大作品的作家也常常在被回绝的同时还要遭受批评。J. D. 塞林格从高中就开始写短篇小说了，但之后他的作品却难以发表。"我们觉得自己无法充分理解主人公。" 这是他的《麦田里的守望者》的手稿收到的批评。即使被多家出版商回绝，J. D. 塞林格也从未放弃。甚至在二战期间在美国陆军服役时，他还随身携带了《麦田里的守望者》一书的六章内容，并在整个服役期间一直致力于小说的修改。最终，这本书一经出版，便立刻成为畅销书，卖出了上千万册。
第4段
Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go to three sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of seeing their words in print. This, however, was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers. As the then Poet Laureate, Robert Southey, wrote to one of them: “Literature cannot be the business of a woman’s life, and it ought not to be.” Nevertheless, the sisters didn’t stop trying. Their response was to write a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still didn’t give up. They started writing novels, and today Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontë’s Agnes Grey are regarded as classics of world literature. In fact, it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words: “I honour endurance, perseverance, industry, talent; because these are the means by which men achieve great ends...”
也许坚持不懈的最高荣誉应该颁给来自英国维多利亚时代的三姐妹。她们梦想着看到自己的作品出版。然而，这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。正如当时的桂冠诗人罗伯特·骚塞在给她们其中一位的信中所说："文学不可能也不应该成为女人的事业。"尽管如此，三姐妹并没有放弃尝试。她们的应对方式是以男性名字为笔名写了一本诗集。虽然这本诗集只卖出了两册，但她们还是没有放弃，转而开始写小说。如今，夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮丝·格雷》被认为是世界文学的经典之作。其实，这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的："我崇尚忍耐、坚毅、勤奋、天赋；因为只有依靠这些，人们才能实现宏大的目标……"
第5段
So, it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success. While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key. Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...”
因此，似乎仅凭天赋不足以保证成功。不懈的努力和一点点运气固然很重要，但坚持不懈才是关键。坚持下去，你终会收到这样的回复："我们高兴地通知您……"
二、重点单词
regret v.：遗憾；抱歉。We regret to inform you（我们抱歉地通知您）
dread v.：惧怕；畏惧。every writer dreads receiving
eagerly adv.：急切地；渴望地。the writer eagerly opens and reads it
overnight adv.：一夜之间；突然。success rarely happens overnight
rejection n.：拒绝；拒稿。faced rejection（遭到拒绝）
persevere v.：坚持不懈；不屈不挠。Nevertheless, she persevered.
criticism n.：批评；评论。face criticism along with rejection
manuscript n.：手稿；原稿。the criticism on his manuscript
perseverance n.：毅力；坚持不懈。the overall prize for perseverance
Victorian adj.：维多利亚时代的。three sisters from Victorian England
endurance n.：忍耐；忍耐力。I honour endurance, perseverance ...
industry n.：勤奋； Industriousness。talent; industry; perseverance
guarantee v.：保证；确保。talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success
delighted adj.：高兴的；欣喜的。We are delighted to inform you
survive v.：艰难度过；幸存。surviving on little money（靠微薄的钱度日）
三、一词多义与熟词生义
regret 常见义为动词"后悔、遗憾"，课文 We regret to inform you 为书信套语，意为"很遗憾/抱歉地通知您"，语气正式礼貌。
overnight 本义名词"夜晚"，课文 happens overnight 作副词，意为"突然、一夜之间（取得成功）"。
industry 常见义"工业、产业"，课文 I honour ... industry 指"勤奋、勤勉"，为抽象名词用法。
print 常见义"打印"，课文 seeing their words in print 中 in print 意为"被出版、被印成书"，print 此处为"出版物"相关义。
turn down 常见义"调低（音量）"，课文 every single publisher turned me down 意为"拒绝（某人）"，为动词短语引申义。
copy 常见义"复制、复印"，课文 sold only two copies 中作名词"册、份"，指书的销量单位。
四、重点词块
regret to inform you 很遗憾地通知您
dread doing 害怕做某事
one’s heart sink 心沉下去；大失所望
give up 放弃
happen overnight 一夜之间发生；一蹴而就
take ... for example 以……为例
have sth in common 有共同点
survive on little money 靠微薄的收入度日
along the lines of 大致意思是；类似……的话
give up 放弃
turn sb down 拒绝某人
go on to do 接着做（另一件事）
be regarded as 被认为是
a touch of 一点点；少许
play a part 起作用；扮演角色
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】These are the words that every writer dreads receiving, but words every writer knows well.
【主干】These are the words ..., but words ...
【分层】that every writer dreads receiving 为修饰 the words 的定语从句；but 连接并列表语 words，其后省略了 that 的定语从句 every writer knows well 修饰 words。
【译文】这句话对每个作家而言既害怕又熟悉。
【考点】that 定语从句；并列句；省略关系词的定语从句。
【原句 2】The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.
【主干】The response comes back and the writer opens and reads it.
【分层】and 连接两个并列分句；their hearts sinking ... 为独立主格结构（名词 + 现在分词），作伴随状语；when 引导时间状语从句。
【译文】出版商给了反馈，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，心随即跌落谷底。
【考点】并列句；独立主格结构；when 时间状语从句。
【原句 3】When she finally finished her first book, she received comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for children”, “too long”, “Children would not be interested in it”.
【主干】she received comments from publishers.
【分层】When 引导时间状语从句；along the lines of ... 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 comments，后接三个并列引语。
【译文】当她终于完成第一本书时，出版商给出的评价却是"对孩子来说太难理解" "太长" "孩子们不会对它感兴趣"等等。
【考点】when 时间状语从句；介词短语后置定语；并列引语。
【原句 4】Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World War, he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war service.
【主干】he carried six chapters ... and worked on the novel.
【分层】Even when serving ... 为省略主语和 be 动词的时间状语从句（主语 he 与主句一致）；and 连接 carried 与 worked 两个谓语；throughout his war service 为时间状语。
【译文】甚至在二战期间在美国陆军服役时，他还随身携带了《麦田里的守望者》一书的六章内容，并在整个服役期间一直致力于小说的修改。
【考点】状语从句的省略；and 并列谓语。
【原句 5】In fact, it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words: “I honour endurance, perseverance, industry, talent; because these are the means by which men achieve great ends...”
【主干】it is ... that ...（强调句型）
【分层】强调句 it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that ... 强调地点状语；that 引导的从句中 these are the means 后接 by which 引导的定语从句修饰 means。
【译文】其实，这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的："我崇尚忍耐、坚毅、勤奋、天赋；因为只有依靠这些，人们才能实现宏大的目标……"
【考点】强调句型 it is ... that；by which 介词+关系代词定语从句。
六、语法点清单
1. 现在完成时叙述经历
have spent years ...；have previously faced rejection；has been regarded as。强调过去动作对现在的影响。
2. 让步与转折（Nevertheless / Despite / Even when）
Nevertheless, she persevered.；Despite rejections ...；Even when serving ...。注意 despite 是介词，后接名词/动名词。
3. 强调句型 It is ... that ...
it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words。强调地点状语。
4. 定语从句（that / which / by which）
the words that every writer dreads；the means by which men achieve great ends。注意"介词 + which"结构。
5. 独立主格结构
their hearts sinking when ...。名词 + 现在分词，表伴随状态，逻辑主语与主句不同。
6. 状语从句的省略
Even when serving in the US Army ...。当从句主语与主句一致且含 be 时，可省略主语和 be。
七、逻辑链
引子（第1段）：作家都害怕"我们抱歉地通知您"，但许多成功作家都曾被拒稿
↓
例证一（第2段）：J.K.罗琳——12次拒稿后《哈利·波特》全球大获成功
↓
例证二（第3段）：J.D.塞林格——手稿遭批仍坚持，二战服役中仍修改，终成畅销书
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例证三（第4段）：勃朗特三姐妹——在女性不被鼓励写作的时代以笔名坚持，终成经典
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结论（第5段）：天赋不够，坚持才是关键，终会收到"高兴地通知您"
这是一篇"提出观点—举例论证—总结"的议论文：第1段用作家共有的"拒稿恐惧"引出"成功作家亦曾被拒"的观点；第2—4段以罗琳、塞林格、勃朗特三姐妹三个典型事例层层递进地证明坚持的重要性；第5段收束，点明"坚持是成功之钥"的主旨。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：Everyone knows that ..., but perhaps not many know that ...
课文：Everyone knows that success rarely happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection.
仿写：Everyone knows that practice makes perfect, but perhaps not many know that the key lies in daily persistence.（大家都明白熟能生巧，但也许很多人不知道关键在于日复一日的坚持。）——用于转折引出鲜为人知的事实。
模板 2：Take for example ...
课文：Take for example J.K. Rowling.
仿写：Take for example the panda, whose population has been recovering thanks to conservation.（以大熊猫为例，其种群因保护措施而恢复。）——用于引出具体例证。
模板 3：Despite ..., ... refused to give up.
课文：Despite rejections from several publishers, J.D. Salinger refused to give up.
仿写：Despite many failures, the team refused to give up.（尽管屡遭失败，这支队伍仍不肯放弃。）——用于强调逆境中的坚持。
模板 4：Even when ..., ... still ...
课文：Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still didn’t give up.
仿写：Even when no one believed in him, he still kept trying.（即使无人相信他，他依旧坚持尝试。）——用于突出极端困境下的不改初心。
模板 5：... alone isn’t enough to ... While ... play a part, ... is the key.
课文：talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success. While a lot of hard work ... play a part, perseverance is the key.
仿写：Intelligence alone isn’t enough to guarantee success. While a bit of luck plays a part, effort is the key.（仅凭聪明不足以保证成功。尽管运气也有作用，努力才是关键。）——用于总结观点、强调核心要素。
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