Using Language 课文精读 · 中国援助其他国家的演讲
一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
Hello! My name is Zhan Bingbing.
大家好！我的名字叫詹冰冰。
第2段
Lately, all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in the world helping other countries to develop. We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, and an airport in Sri Lanka. And we see Chinese miners, oil workers, agricultural experts, mechanics, and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world. And some people may ask. Is it worth it? Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development?
最近，大家都在电视上看到中国人在世界各个遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。我们看到中国工人在刚果修建公路，在巴基斯坦修建港口，在巴拿马修建铁路，在斯里兰卡修建机场。我们看到中国的矿工、石油工人、农业专家、机械师和医生几乎在世界的每个角落忙碌着。有些人可能会问："这值得吗？在中国许多地区仍然需要发展的时候，为什么要帮助外国人民呢？"
第3段
I had the same questions myself. But for me, it was much more personal. You see, my mother is a medical doctor, and for the last two years, she has been working as a volunteer consultant in Tanzania, Africa, as a part of a medical team sent by the Chinese government.
我自己也有同样的疑问。然而，对我来说，它更多与我个人有关。你看，我妈妈是一名医生，在过去的两年里，她作为中国政府派遣的医疗队的一员，一直在非洲坦桑尼亚当一位志愿顾问。
第4段
To be honest, when my mother first left for Africa, I was upset. You see, my mother cooked me dinner every night, and she took good care of me. But more importantly, she was my best friend. We talked together, we spent our leisure time together, and except for school and work, we were never apart. So I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input.
说实话，当我妈妈第一次去非洲的时候，我很难过。我妈妈每天晚上都给我做饭，无微不至地照顾我。但更重要的是，她是我最好的朋友。我们一起聊天，一起度过闲暇时光，除了上学和上班，我们从未分开过。所以对她甚至没征求我的意见就（决定）离开，我感到很不开心。
第5段
But then I began to hear about the work she was doing in Tanzania, a country that has many health problems, and now I am singing a different tune. Many dangerous diseases which are rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania. And, while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth, many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted, such as electricity, running water, cars and good transport systems, and supermarkets. One project that my mother worked on was helping to build a cardiac hospital. Prior to this, if a Tanzanian had a heart condition and needed surgery, they would have to go abroad. Since this was quite expensive, many people went without medical treatment and some even died. Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well. It has made a big difference to their lives. My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment, help those with disabilities, and provide consultation and training for local doctors. In addition, her team has given patients new malaria treatment capsules invented in China and this has saved many lives.
可是话又说回来，我开始听说她在坦桑尼亚所做的工作。这个国家有很多健康问题，现在我转变了态度。许多在中国很罕见的危险疾病在坦桑尼亚仍有众多患者。此外，尽管这个国家风景美丽、物产丰饶，但许多人仍然十分贫穷；我们认为理所当然的东西，在他们的生活中都没有，比如电、自来水、汽车和便捷的交通系统，以及超市。我妈妈参与的一个项目是帮助他们建造一所心脏专科医院。在这之前，如果一个坦桑尼亚人患有心脏疾病需要手术的话，就不得不出国。由于出国费用高昂，许多人得不到治疗，甚至有人死亡。现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。这极大地改变了他们的生活。我妈妈还到偏远的农村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残疾人，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。此外，她的团队还为患者提供了中国研发的新型疟疾疗法，从而挽救了许多生命。
第6段
Today, I want to relay to you that I'm proud of the work my mother has done and I am now supportive of it. Is her work worth it? Yes, to the lives of the people she is helping, it is worth it. But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well, because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability, and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind. Everyone deserves a fair chance in life. When I think of all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of, helping others comes at the top of this list. Now that I understand how important my mother's work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands. In the future, I pray that you will do the same.
今天，我想向你们传递的信息是，我为我妈妈所做的工作感到自豪，现在我对此表示支持。她的工作值得吗？是的，对得到她帮助的人的生命来说，这是值得的。然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这项工作对我们来说也是值得的，因为它表明我们是关心世界稳定的全球公民，我们对他人负有责任，并准备好要建设人类命运共同体。每个人在生命中都应享有公平的机会。当我在思考作为中国公民最能引以为傲的所有事情时，帮助他人位居榜首。既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要，我已经决定自己也成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人。我期盼，未来你们也会这样做。
第7段
Thank you!
谢谢！
二、重点单词
aid n. / v.：援助；帮助。China's aid to other countries（中国对其他国家的援助）
far-off adj.：遥远的；远方的。in far-off places in the world
Congo n.：刚果（国名）。building roads in the Congo
Pakistan n.：巴基斯坦。a port in Pakistan
Panama n.：巴拿马。railways in Panama
Sri Lanka n.：斯里兰卡。an airport in Sri Lanka
miner n.：矿工。Chinese miners, oil workers ...
mechanic n.：机械师；技工。mechanics, and doctors
overseas adv. / adj.：在海外（的）；在国外（的）。Why help people overseas?
consultant n.：顾问；会诊医师。a volunteer consultant in Tanzania
Tanzania n.：坦桑尼亚（国名）。working as a consultant in Tanzania
upset adj.：心烦的；难过的；不安的。when my mother first left for Africa, I was upset
leisure n.：闲暇；休闲。we spent our leisure time together
apart adv.：分开；分离。we were never apart
input n.：输入；意见；参与。without even asking for my input
rare adj.：罕见的；稀少的。diseases which are rare in China
contract v.：感染（疾病）；订立（合同）。quite commonly contracted in Tanzania
wealth n.：财富； riches（此处指物产）。much natural wealth
transport n.：交通；运输。good transport systems
cardiac adj.：心脏的；心脏病的。a cardiac hospital
surgery n.：外科手术。needed surgery
neighbouring adj.：邻近的；周边的。people in neighbouring countries
rural adj.：农村的；乡村的。a circuit of the rural villages
disability n.：残疾；缺陷。help those with disabilities
malaria n.：疟疾。new malaria treatment capsules
capsule n.：胶囊；剂型。malaria treatment capsules
relay v.：传达；传递（信息）。I want to relay to you that ...
supportive adj.：支持的；给予支持的。I am now supportive of it
criteria n.：标准（criterion 的复数）。by any criteria
stability n.：稳定；稳固。interested in world stability
responsible adj.：负责任的；有责任的。we feel responsible for others
deserve v.：值得；应得。Everyone deserves a fair chance.
pray v.：祈盼；祈祷；祝愿。I pray that you will do the same.
三、一词多义与熟词生义
aid 常见义为动词"帮助"（aid sb.）或词组 come to one's aid；课文 China's aid to other countries 作名词"援助"，属国际事务、外交语境中的正式用语。
contract 常见义为名词"合同、契约"，课文 are quite commonly contracted 作动词，意为"感染（疾病）"，是医学/卫生语境中的用法。
input 常见义为"输入（信息、数据）"，与 output 相对；课文 without even asking for my input 中转为"（我的）意见、参与"，偏口语。
wealth 常见义为"财富（金钱）"，课文 natural wealth 指"自然资源、物产"，是抽象引申义。
relay 常见义为"接力赛"或"转播（信号）"，课文 I want to relay to you that ... 意为"向你们传达、传递（信息）"。
capsule 常见义为"太空舱"，医学义为"胶囊"；课文 malaria treatment capsules 指"（抗疟）胶囊制剂、药丸"。
pray 常见义为宗教意义上的"祈祷"，课文 I pray that you will do the same 转为"期盼、希望、祝愿"，语气庄重，适合演讲结尾。
四、重点词块
in far-off places 在遥远的地方
help ... to develop 帮助……发展
build roads / a port / railways / an airport 修建公路/港口/铁路/机场
in nearly every corner of the world 几乎在世界的每个角落
Is it worth it? 这值得吗？
in need of 需要；缺乏
as a part of 作为……的一部分
leave for 动身前往；离开去（某地）
take good care of 好好照顾；无微不至地照料
leisure time 闲暇时光
be apart 分开；分离
ask for one's input 征求某人的意见
sing a different tune 改变论调；转变态度（习语）
take ... for granted 把……视为理所当然
prior to 在……之前（正式用语）
go abroad 出国
not only ... but ... as well 不仅……而且……
make a big difference 产生重大影响；带来很大改变
a circuit of 巡回；巡访（一圈）
in addition 此外；另外
be proud of 为……感到自豪
by any criteria 无论以何种标准；不论从哪方面看
global citizens 全球公民
a community with a shared future for mankind 人类命运共同体
come at the top of the list 位居榜首；列在首位
now that 既然；由于（表原因）
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】Lately, all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in the world helping other countries to develop.
【主干】all of us have seen Chinese people helping other countries to develop.
【分层】Lately 为时间状语；on TV 与 in far-off places in the world 为两层地点状语，修饰 seen；helping other countries to develop 为现在分词短语作宾语 Chinese people 的补足语（see sb. doing 结构）。
【译文】最近，大家都在电视上看到中国人在世界各个遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。
【考点】现在完成时；see sb. doing 宾语补足语；多层状语的排列。
【原句 2】We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, and an airport in Sri Lanka.
【主干】We see Chinese workers building roads, a port, railways, and an airport.
【分层】building 后接四个并列宾语（roads / a port / railways / an airport），每个后附 in + 地名 作地点状语；整体仍为 see sb. doing 结构，四个工程并列铺陈，增强语势。
【译文】我们看到中国工人在刚果修建公路，在巴基斯坦修建港口，在巴拿马修建铁路，在斯里兰卡修建机场。
【考点】see sb. doing；并列宾语结构；介词短语作地点状语。
【原句 3】Many dangerous diseases which are rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania.
【主干】Many dangerous diseases are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania.
【分层】which are rare in China 为修饰 diseases 的定语从句，which 作主语；主句谓语 are contracted 为一般现在时的被动语态，commonly 为频度状语。
【译文】许多在中国很罕见的危险疾病在坦桑尼亚仍有众多患者。
【考点】which 引导的定语从句；一般现在时被动语态。
【原句 4】Prior to this, if a Tanzanian had a heart condition and needed surgery, they would have to go abroad.
【主干】if a Tanzanian had ... and needed surgery, they would have to go abroad.
【分层】Prior to this 为介词短语作时间状语；if 引导条件状语从句，含 and 连接的两个并列谓语（had / needed）；主句 they would have to go abroad 为"情态动词 + have to"表过去将来（虚拟/假设语气）。
【译文】在这之前，如果一个坦桑尼亚人患有心脏疾病需要手术的话，就不得不出国。
【考点】if 条件状语从句；并列谓语；would have to 表过去将来的推断。
【原句 5】But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well, because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability, and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
【主干】this work is worth it, because it shows that ... and that ...
【分层】by any criteria 为评注性状语；主句 this work is worth it to us as well；because 引导原因状语从句，其中 it shows 后接两个并列的 that 宾语从句（that we are ... / and that we feel ...）；第一个宾从该含过去分词短语 interested in world stability 作后置定语修饰 citizens；第二个宾从该含 and 连接的两个并列谓语（feel / are ready）。
【译文】然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这项工作对我们来说也是值得的，因为它表明我们是关心世界稳定的全球公民，我们对他人负有责任，并准备好要建设人类命运共同体。
【考点】because 原因状语从句；并列 that 宾语从句；过去分词作后置定语；and 并列谓语。
六、语法点清单
1. 现在完成时（have seen / has been / has given）
Lately, all of us have seen ...；her team has given patients ...。用于叙述近期经历及与现在相关的动作，是演讲中"摆事实"的时态骨架。
2. 现在完成进行时（has been working）
for the last two years, she has been working as a volunteer consultant。强调从过去某时开始、一直持续到现在且可能继续的动作。
3. 一般过去时与过去将来时（would have to）
if a Tanzanian had a heart condition ... they would have to go abroad。条件从句用过去时、主句用 would + 动词原形，表达过去的假设/推断（过去将来）。
4. 被动语态（一般现在 / 现在完成）
diseases ... are contracted；Tanzanians are helped；patients ... has given ... capsules invented in China（过去分词作后置定语）。突出动作承受者，语体正式。
5. 定语从句（which / that / 省略关系词）
which are rare in China；a country that has many health problems；One project that my mother worked on；the work (that) my mother has done。注意关系代词在从句中作主语（which / that）或宾语（可省）。
6. not only ... but ... as well 与倒装
Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well。not only 置于句首引起主谓部分倒装（are Tanzanians helped）。
7. 原因状语从句（because / since / now that）
because it shows that ...；Since this was quite expensive；Now that I understand ...。由具体到"原因—意义"层层递进。
8. 习语与修辞
sing a different tune（转变态度）；take ... for granted（视为理所当然）；a community with a shared future for mankind（人类命运共同体）。演讲中常用固定搭配增强感染力。
七、逻辑链
开场（第1段）：自我介绍 —— 我是詹冰冰
↓
现象与疑问（第2段）：电视上中国人全球援建 → 抛出质疑"这值得吗？为何帮海外而不先顾国内？"
↓
个人化（第3段）：我也有同样疑问，但对我更"私人" —— 母亲作为志愿顾问赴坦桑尼亚
↓
情感转折铺垫（第4段）：母亲离去时我难过不舍（依赖与亲密）
↓
认知转变（第5段）：了解母亲工作后"改弦易调" → 坦桑尼亚医疗困境 → 中方建心脏病院、巡诊、抗疟胶囊等切实贡献
↓
升华与呼吁（第6段）：由个人到"全球公民"与人类命运共同体现实意义 → 我决定成为志愿者 → 期盼你们也行动
↓
收束（第7段）：致谢
这是一篇"以小见大"的演讲稿：第1—2段用宏观现象引出争议话题；第3—4段以母亲与"我"的情感故事建立亲切感；第5段是核心论据，用具体项目证明援助价值；第6段由情入理、升华主题并发出行动呼吁；第7段礼貌收尾。整体为"质疑—理解—认同—行动"的递进结构。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：Lately, all of us have seen ... helping ... to develop.
课文：Lately, all of us have seen Chinese people ... helping other countries to develop.
仿写：Lately, all of us have seen young volunteers helping the elderly in our community to live better.（最近，我们都看到青年志愿者在帮助社区老人过上更好的生活。）——用于以社会现象开篇。
模板 2：Is it worth it? Why ... when ...?
课文：Is it worth it? Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development?
仿写：Is it worth it? Why spend so much on space when many still lack basic healthcare?（这值得吗？在许多人仍缺基本医疗时，为何花这么多在太空上？）——用于先立后破、引出讨论。
模板 3：To be honest, when ... I was upset / unhappy.
课文：To be honest, when my mother first left for Africa, I was upset.
仿写：To be honest, when the project was cancelled, I was quite disappointed.（说实话，当项目被取消时，我很失望。）——用于坦诚表达真实情绪。
模板 4：But then I began to ... and now I am singing a different tune.
课文：But then I began to hear about the work she was doing ... and now I am singing a different tune.
仿写：But then I began to read his books, and now I am singing a different tune.（可是后来我开始读他的书，现在我的看法完全变了。）——用于表现态度转折。
模板 5：Not only ... but ... as well.
课文：Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.
仿写：Not only were the students inspired, but the teachers were encouraged as well.（不仅学生们受到鼓舞，老师们也同样受到激励。）——用于递进说明受益范围。
模板 6：Now that I understand ..., I've decided to ...
课文：Now that I understand how important my mother's work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself.
仿写：Now that I understand the value of reading, I've decided to keep a daily journal.（既然我明白了阅读的价值，我已决定每天写日记。）——用于由理解通向行动的决定。
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