一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table. A guest at a nearby table was choking on some steak. He was clutching his throat, his face red with the effort to breathe.
北京高中生陈伟正在吃晚饭，这时另一桌传来客人的尖叫声。邻桌一位客人被一块牛排噎住了。他正紧捂着喉咙，脸上因用力呼吸而涨得通红。
第2段
Chen wasted no time. He got up and ran to Zhang’s table at once. With the help of Zhang’s friends, he was able to help him to his feet. Then, standing behind Zhang, Chen performed the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was instantly forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again. Ten minutes later, an ambulance arrived. The doctors checked Zhang and made sure he was all right.
陈伟毫不迟疑。他立刻起身跑到张涛桌前。在张涛朋友们的帮助下，他把张涛扶了起来。接着，陈伟站到张涛身后，实施了海姆立克急救法。食物瞬间被排出，张涛重新呼吸起来。十分钟后救护车赶到，医生检查了张涛，确认他无大碍。
第3段
Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, in 1974 an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world. The manoeuvre is simple, practical and easy to learn.
噎食者通常只有约四分钟就会倒下，有时甚至死亡，等不及救护车赶到。为解决这个问题，1974年美国医生亨利·海姆立克发明了海姆立克急救法，在全世界挽救了数千人的生命。这一手法简单、实用且易学。
第4段
If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure the victim is really choking: a choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim on the back is often helpful to get the obstructing object out. If that does not work, then you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre. To do this, stand behind the victim, make a fist with one hand and place it above the victim’s navel, then grab the fist with the other hand and push hard inward and upward until the object is forced out.
如果你看到有人被噎住，首先拨打急救电话。然后，确认伤者确实被噎住了：被噎的人是无法说话的。拍打噎食者背部常有助于排出阻塞物。若此法无效，便可实施海姆立克急救法。具体做法是：站到伤者身后，一只手握拳置于其肚脐上方，另一只手抓住拳头，然后用力向内向上推，直到异物被排出。
第5段
Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child is not recommended, as you may hurt him. Instead, lay the child face down on your lap, with the head lower than the rest of the body, and slap his or her back firmly until he or she can breathe again.
不建议对小孩实施海姆立克急救法，因为你可能会伤到他。正确做法是：让孩子面朝下趴在你大腿上，头部低于身体其他部位，然后用力拍打其背部，直到他/她能重新呼吸。
第6段
With choking victims, every minute counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt some first aid. Seeing Zhang choking, he stayed calm and acted quickly. Later, Chen talked about the experience, saying, “What reason do I have to just sit there? We are all humans, and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare.”
面对噎食者，分秒必争。你不能袖手旁观、无所作为。幸运的是，陈伟学过一些急救知识。看到张涛被噎，他保持冷静、迅速行动。后来陈伟谈起这段经历时说："我有什么理由就坐在那儿？我们都是人，都有责任关心彼此的安康。"
二、重点单词
interrupt v.：打断；打扰。had his dinner interrupted
scream v. / n.：尖叫。heard someone screaming
choke v.：噎住；窒息。was choking on some steak
clutch v.：紧握；抓住。clutching his throat（紧捂喉咙）
throat n.：喉咙；咽喉。clutching his throat
manoeuvre n.：操作；急救手法。the Heimlich manoeuvre
instantly adv.：立即；即刻。was instantly forced out
ambulance n.：救护车。an ambulance arrived
collapse v.：倒下；昏倒。before they collapse
obstruct v.：阻塞；阻挡。the obstructing object（阻塞物）
fist n.：拳头。make a fist（握拳）
navel n.：肚脐。above the victim’s navel
grab v.：抓住；攫取。grab the fist with the other hand
welfare n.：安康；福利。one another’s welfare
lap n.：大腿（膝上）。on your lap（在你大腿上）
firm adj.：有力的；坚定的。slap ... firmly（用力拍打）
三、一词多义与熟词生义
interrupt 常见义"打断（别人的话）"，课文 had his dinner interrupted 指"用餐被打断（被动）"。
choke 常见义"呛、噎住"，课文 choking on some steak 为"被（食物）噎住/窒息"，是急救语境核心词。
clutch 常见义"离合器（汽车部件）"，课文 clutching his throat 指"紧抓、紧紧捂住（喉咙）"。
count 常见义"数数、计算"，课文 every minute counts 意为"每一分钟都至关重要（分秒必争）"。
welfare 常见义"福利（制度、救济）"，课文 look after one another’s welfare 指"关心彼此的安康/福祉"。
四、重点词块
have one’s dinner interrupted 用餐被打断
hear someone screaming 听到有人尖叫
choke on 被……噎住
clutch one’s throat 紧捂喉咙
waste no time 毫不迟疑；抓紧时间
help sb to his feet 把某人扶起来
perform the Heimlich manoeuvre 实施海姆立克急救法
force out 排出；逼出
begin to breathe again 重新开始呼吸
make sure 确保；确认
before they collapse 在倒下之前
leave no time for 没时间留给……
save thousands of lives 挽救数千条生命
call the emergency services 拨打急救电话
slap sb on the back 拍打某人背部
get the object out 把异物取出
if that does not work 如果那不起作用
make a fist 握拳
push hard inward and upward 用力向内向上推
be not recommended 不被推荐
lay sb face down 让某人面朝下（趴着）
stand by and do nothing 袖手旁观
every minute counts 分秒必争
look after one another’s welfare 关心彼此的安康
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.
【主干】Chen Wei had his dinner interrupted.
【分层】a high school student in Beijing 为同位语解释 Chen Wei；had his dinner interrupted 为 have sth done 结构（晚餐被中断）；when 引导时间状语从句；hear someone screaming 为 hear sb doing（听见某人正在尖叫）。
【译文】北京高中生陈伟正在吃晚饭，这时他听见另一桌有人尖叫，用餐被打断。
【考点】同位语；have sth done；when 状语从句；hear sb doing。
【原句 2】Then, standing behind Zhang, Chen performed the Heimlich manoeuvre.
【主干】Chen performed the Heimlich manoeuvre.
【分层】standing behind Zhang 为现在分词短语作状语，表伴随/方式，逻辑主语是 Chen。
【译文】接着，陈伟站到张涛身后，实施了海姆立克急救法。
【考点】现在分词作状语（伴随）；逻辑主语一致。
【原句 3】Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive.
【主干】Choking victims have only about four minutes.
【分层】before they collapse and sometimes die 为 before 引导的时间状语从句；leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive 为现在分词作结果状语，说明"四分钟"的后果。
【译文】噎食者通常只有约四分钟就会倒下，有时甚至死亡，等不及救护车赶到。
【考点】before 时间状语从句；现在分词作结果状语。
【原句 4】To solve this problem, in 1974 an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world.
【主干】an American doctor created the Heimlich manoeuvre.
【分层】To solve this problem 为不定式作目的状语；Henry Heimlich 为 doctor 的同位语；saving thousands of lives 为现在分词作结果状语。
【译文】为解决这个问题，1974年美国医生亨利·海姆立克发明了海姆立克急救法，在全世界挽救了数千人的生命。
【考点】不定式目的状语；同位语；现在分词结果状语。
【原句 5】If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure the victim is really choking: a choking person cannot speak.
【主干】call the emergency services. Then, make sure ...
【分层】If you see someone choking 为 if 条件状语从句（choking 为现在分词作补足语）；call / make sure 为祈使句；冒号后 a choking person cannot speak 解释"确认被噎住"的判断依据。
【译文】如果你看到有人被噎住，先拨打急救电话。然后确认伤者确实被噎住了：被噎的人是无法说话的。
【考点】if 条件句；祈使句；现在分词 choking 作宾补；冒号解释。
【原句 6】Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child is not recommended, as you may hurt him.
【主干】Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is not recommended.
【分层】Doing ... 为动名词短语作主语；is not recommended 为被动语态；as 引导原因状语从句。
【译文】不建议对小孩实施海姆立克急救法，因为你可能会伤到他。
【考点】动名词作主语；被动语态；as 原因状语从句。
六、语法点清单
1. have sth done 结构
had his dinner interrupted，表"让/使某事由别人完成（或遭遇）"，此处为被动含义。
2. 感官动词 + 现在分词（hear sb doing）
heard someone screaming；see someone choking。doing 表动作正在进行。
3. 现在分词作状语与结果
standing behind Zhang（伴随）；leaving no time（结果）；saving thousands of lives（结果）。分词逻辑主语须与主句一致。
4. 被动语态
was instantly forced out；is not recommended；was created。急救叙事强调动作承受者。
5. 祈使句（操作指令）
call ...; make sure ...; slap ...; stand ...; make a fist ...; place ...; grab ...; push ...。指南文本的标准句式。
6. 动名词作主语
Doing ... is not recommended；Slapping the victim ... is helpful。以动名词指"某一行为"作主语。
7. as 原因状语从句
as you may hurt him。as 表"因为"，语气弱于 because。
七、逻辑链
事件（第1—2段）：陈伟用餐被打断 → 邻桌张涛被牛排噎住（捂喉脸红）→ 陈伟不迟疑，扶起、背后施海姆立克，食物排出、恢复呼吸，救护车到
↓
背景（第3段）：噎食者约4分钟倒下/死亡，来不及等救护；1974海姆立克创此法，救千万人，简单实用
↓
方法（第4—5段）：见噎食先呼救 → 确认无法说话 → 拍背取物；无效则海姆立克（站身后、握拳置脐上、抓拳向内向上推）；小孩不宜此法，改俯卧拍背
↓
升华（第6段）：分秒必争，勿袖手；陈伟学过急救、冷静迅速；责任感"关心彼此安康"
这是一篇"叙事 + 说明"复合文本：第1—2段用一般过去时讲述真实施救事件（动作描写突出）；第3—5段转为说明，交代背景并给出操作步骤；第6段以议论收束，点明急救意识与人文关怀。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：... had his dinner interrupted when he heard ...
课文：Chen Wei had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming.
仿写：The teacher had her lesson interrupted when the fire alarm went off.（老师的正课被火警打断了。）——have sth done + when 从句。
模板 2：... wasted no time. He got up and ran to ...
课文：Chen wasted no time. He got up and ran to Zhang’s table at once.
仿写：The lifeguard wasted no time. He dived into the water and swam to the child.（救生员毫不迟疑，跳入水中游向孩子。）——用于描写迅速反应。
模板 3：... usually have only about four minutes before they collapse ...
课文：Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die.
仿写：Stroke patients usually have only about three hours before brain damage becomes severe.（中风患者通常只有约三小时，之后脑损伤会急剧加重。）——用于强调急救时间窗。
模板 4：If you see someone choking, first call ... Then, make sure ...
课文：If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure the victim is really choking.
仿写：If you see someone faint, first call for help. Then, make sure the area is safe.（若见人昏倒，先呼救，再确认环境安全。）——if 条件 + 祈使步骤。
模板 5：With ..., every minute counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing.
课文：With choking victims, every minute counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing.
仿写：With a fire spreading, every minute counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing.（火势蔓延时分秒必争，不能袖手旁观。）——用于呼吁紧急行动。
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