Reading and Thinking 课文精读 · 万婴之母
一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
“Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.
"生命诚可贵。……对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的，而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？" 从林巧稚医生的这番话，我们可以看到这位伟大女性的内心世界，以及到底是什么支撑着她走过充满艰难抉择的一生。
第2段
As a five-year-old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother’s death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”
林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了学医。"女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！"她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。她回答："我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！"
第3段
Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wehai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly impressed her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home.
八年后，林巧稚毕业于北京协和医学院，并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖——"文海"奖学金。她随即成为北京协和医学院妇产科有史以来第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。工作了几年之后，她被派往欧洲学习，之后于1939年又赴美学习。美国同行对她印象极佳，邀请她留下。但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。她希望服务祖国的妇女和儿童。
第4段
In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。有时，人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。
第5段
The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. “The OB-GYN department cares for two lives,” She told new staff in her department. “As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
新中国迎来了林巧稚医生发挥关键作用的时期。1954年，她当选第一届全国人民代表大会代表，在接下来的几十年里担任了许多重要职务。然而，她的心在别处。她更感兴趣的是照料病人、发表关于妇幼护理的医学研究、培养下一代医生。"妇产科照顾的是两条生命，"她对科室里的新员工说，"作为医生，我们应该对病人负责，把她们当作自己的姐妹一样对待。"
第6段
Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others: “I’m ready to go,” she said. “Don’t try to rescue me any more. Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为"万婴之母"，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。由于自己没有孩子，她把积蓄捐给了一家幼儿园和一项新医生基金。临终时，她仍在为别人着想。"我要走了，"她说，"不要再抢救了，不要再浪费药品了。"
二、重点单词
precious adj.：宝贵的；珍贵的。Life is precious.
entrust v.：委托；托付。entrust me with that life
majority n.：大多数。like the majority of girls
tuition n.：学费；教学。thinking of the high tuition fees
respond v.：回答；回应。She responded, “I’d rather ...”
scholarship n.：奖学金。with the Wehai Scholarship
physician n.：医师；内科医生。a resident physician
appoint v.：任命；委派。to be appointed director
clinic n.：诊所；门诊部。opened a private clinic
reduce v.：减少；降低。often reduced costs for poor patients
tend v.：照料； tending patients
publish v.：出版；发表。publishing medical research
staff n.：员工；全体职员。new staff in her department
retire v.：退休。Dr Lin did not retire until ...
saving n.（常复数）：积蓄；节省。she left her savings to a kindergarten
kindergarten n.：幼儿园。a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors
三、一词多义与熟词生义
saving 常见义作动词"节省、救助"，课文中作名词复数 savings，意为"积蓄、存款"。
staff 常见义作动词"为……配备工作人员"，课文中作集合名词，意为"员工、职员"。
path 常见义"道路、小径"，课文中 the traditional path of marriage 引申为"（人生）道路、途径"。
position 常见义"位置"，课文中 a position that ... 指"职位、岗位"。
reduce 常见义"减少、缩小"，课文中 reduced costs 指"减免（费用）"，用于医疗关怀语境。
see 常见义"看见"，课文中 The new PRC saw Dr Lin ... 用"见证、迎来"，为拟人化用法。
四、重点词块
be affected by 受……影响
instead of 代替；而不是
the majority of 大多数的
choose to do 选择做
graduate from 毕业于
be hired as 被聘为
be named 被任命为；被称作
be sent to 被派往
impress sb 给某人留下深刻印象
reject the offer 拒绝（邀请 / 提议）
in need of 需要
charge fees 收费
reduce costs 降低成本 / 减免费用
be elected to 当选（进入）
hold a position 担任职位
be responsible for 对……负责
not ... until 直到……才
leave ... to 把……留给
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?
【主干】nothing is more precious ..., and how could I refuse that trust?
【分层】To a person 为状语；"nothing is more ... than ..."为"否定词 + 比较级"表最高级；if 引导条件状语从句，entrust sb with sth 为双宾语结构；saying ... 为现在分词作伴随状语。
【译文】对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更宝贵；而如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎能以"冷、饿、困"为由拒绝这份信任？
【考点】"否定词 + 比较级"表最高级；if 条件句；entrust sb with sth；现在分词作伴随。
【原句 2】She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
【主干】She became the first woman ...
【分层】ever to be hired ... 为不定式被动语态作后置定语修饰 woman；in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital 为介词短语作地点状语。
【译文】她随即成为北京协和医学院妇产科有史以来第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。
【考点】不定式被动语态作定语；the first ... to do 结构。
【原句 3】Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve.
【主干】she was named a chief resident physician.
【分层】Within six months 为时间状语；a position 为 chief resident physician 的同位语；that usually took four years to achieve 为定语从句修饰 position。
【译文】不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。
【考点】同位语；that 引导定语从句；take + 时间 + to do。
【原句 4】Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.
【主干】Dr Lin opened a private clinic.
【分层】Thinking of ... 为现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于 Because she thought of ...；still in need of help 为介词短语 / 形容词短语作后置定语修饰 people。
【译文】想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。
【考点】现在分词作原因状语；in need of 短语。
【原句 5】Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.
【主干】she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”.
【分层】Though 引导让步状语从句；having delivered ... 为现在分词的完成式作状语，强调"接生"发生在"被称为"之前；in her lifetime 为时间状语。
【译文】虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为"万婴之母"，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。
【考点】though 让步状语从句；现在分词完成式作状语。
六、语法点清单
1. 不定式（主动 / 被动）作后置定语
the first woman ever to be hired ...；a position that usually took four years to achieve（achieve 前省略 to be）。注意被动 to be done 与主动 to do 的区别。
2. 现在分词作状语（原因 / 伴随 / 结果）
Thinking of all the people ...（原因）；saying I'm cold ...（伴随）；having delivered ...（完成式，表先于谓语的动作）。
3. "否定词 + 比较级"表最高级
nothing is more precious than their life = life is the most precious. 同类结构：nothing better, nobody taller。
4. 被动语态（一般过去时 / 过去完成时）
was deeply affected by；was named；was sent to；was closed；was known as；had been + 被动。人物传记常用被动突出成就。
5. not ... until 结构
Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died. 意为"直到……才"，until 后接从句。
6. 同位语与定语从句
a position that ...（同位语 + 定从）；"The OB-GYN department cares for two lives," She told ...（直接引语）。
七、逻辑链
引子（第1段）：以林氏箴言开篇——"生命至上"，点明其人生信条
↓
抉择一（第2段）：丧母之痛 → 拒婚学医，逆传统而行
↓
抉择二（第3段）：学业卓绝 → 破格晋升、赴美拒邀，归国服务
↓
抉择三（第4—5段）：战乱开诊所、下乡义诊；新中国履职仍心系临床与育人
↓
落幕（第6段）：终身未婚、接生五万、捐资助医、临终为他人
这是一篇"人物传记 + 精神礼赞"：以时间线索串起林巧稚一次次"艰难抉择"，用具体事迹支撑"生命至上、医者仁心"的主题，首尾以箴言与遗言呼应。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：Instead of doing A, sb chose to do B.
课文：instead of following the traditional path of marriage ... she chose to study medicine.
仿写：Instead of taking the easy job, he chose to start his own business.（他没有选轻松的工作，而是选择创业。）——用于写"逆向选择 / 坚守理想"。
模板 2：I’d rather ... than ...
课文：I’d rather stay single to study all my life!
仿写：I’d rather fail honestly than succeed by cheating.（我宁可诚实地失败，也不愿靠作弊成功。）——用于表达坚定态度。
模板 3：sb was the first ... ever to be done ...
课文：She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician ...
仿写：She was the first student ever to win the national prize in our school.（她是我们学校史上第一个获全国奖的学生。）——用于突出"开创性"。
模板 4：Thinking of ..., sb did ...
课文：Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.
仿写：Thinking of the lonely elderly in the village, the volunteers organized a visit.（想到村里孤独的老人，志愿者组织了一次探访。）——用于写"动机 / 起因"。
模板 5：Though ..., sb was known as ...
课文：Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”.
仿写：Though he was poor, he was known as the most generous man in town.（尽管贫穷，他却被称为镇上最慷慨的人。）——用于"反差式"人物评价。
支付后无法下载，请加客服微信：yxyh29661 建议在QQ等浏览器中注册登录后下载，可用QQ登录 谢谢配合。