一、课文原文及逐段翻译
Unit Seven Lesson 3 Meet the New Boss: You／遇见新老板：你
第1段原文：Up until the 1980s, people in many countries regularly followed in their parents’ footsteps by working in the family business or joining the same profession as them. You’d follow your father to sea, onto the farm or into the workshop. You’d follow your mother into the kitchen or sewing room. In your grandparents’ time, there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement. How times have changed! Most people now have no intention of following in their parents’ footsteps or even staying at one job for very long.
译文：一直到20世纪80年代，在很多国家人们往往子承父业，参与家族生意，或选择与父母从事同一职业。你可能会像父亲一样出海、去农场、进车间，也可能会像妈妈一样进厨房、去缝纫室。在你祖父母的时代，人们的预期是从毕业到退休都做同样的工作。现在时代变了!如今大多数人不再想子承父业，甚至不愿长时间做同一份工作。
第2段原文：In fact, planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn’t practical anymore. One reason for this is technology. The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough to help you through your entire career. In fact, they will probably be out of date very soon. And then what will you do? Work hard? Win the lottery? Hope for the best? You might be lucky. These strategies might bring you a nice, comfortable life: working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you’re still young and healthy. But most of us today have to look beyond the little box called “career”.
译文：事实上，在同一个领域、同一行业工作一辈子的想法已经不现实了。其中一个原因是技术进步。你现在拥有的工作技能不可能一直有用，也不足以支撑你的整个职业生涯。事实上，这些技能可能很快就会过时，然后你会怎么做？努力地工作？中彩票？尽量往好处想？你可能会运气不错。这些做法可能会带来美好舒适的生活：从事一项自己喜欢的工作，挣着一份体面的薪水，退休时还年富力强。但是，今天我们大多数人都必须跳出“职业生涯”这个小框来看待问题。
第3段原文：If you think you can work eight hours a day and build a career, think again. You might be able to keep your job if you finish what you are asked to do, but this is hardly a recipe for great career success. Instead, you’d better keep looking for smarter ways to do your work. You’ll need to be a risk taker, an innovator, a problem solver, and a hard worker. Keep doing this, and you can become an expertor a specialist in something one day. You have a chance to choose to build a career, rather than being told to stay or to go.
译文：如果以为一天工作8个小时就可以成就一番事业，那么你得重新想想了。完成别人安排的任务，也许可以保住你的工作，但绝不是取得巨大职业成就的方法。相反，最好要不断寻找更巧妙的工作方法，要成为一个冒险者、一个创新者、一个问题解决者，以及一个努力工作的人。持之以恒，这样有一天你才会成为某个行业的专家或专业人士。你有机会去选择成就一番事业，而不是让别人决定自己的去留。
第4段原文：Jobs and occupations come and go at an amazing pace these days. If you think you can’t be replaced by software, or your job can’t be outsourced to some robots on the moon, you are wrong. What if your job disappears after working for 10 years in the field? You may have to go back to the classroom and be retrained in order to qualify to work in another field. In fact, in all likelihood, you will have to do this multiple times. But you can be prepared for developments and changes before you are thrown out of a career. It is entirely your choice to learn, or to be forced to learn.
译文：如今，工作更换、职业更替的速度惊人。如果认为自己不会被软件所取代，或者自己的工作不可能外包给月球上的机器人，那就大错特错了。假如自己辛辛苦苦工作了十年的岗位消失了怎么办？你可能不得不重新回到教室，接受再培训，才能取得在其他领域工作的资格。事实上，你非常有可能要这样重复很多次。但是在被职业抛弃之前，你可以为未来的发展变化做好准备。选择主动学习还是被迫学习，完全取决于你自己。
第5段原文：In short, if you want to succeed in a 21st century career, you will have to develop new essential skills. Lifetime security from one employer is no longer certain or even likely. The truth is that you are the boss of your career, and it is up to you to decide what you can do and how well you can do it. Are you ready for this?
译文：简言之，如果你想在21世纪的职业生涯中取得成功，就必须培养新的必备技能。从同一个雇主那里获得终身职业保障已不再可能也不再可行。实际上，你才是自己职业生涯的老板，也只有你才能决定自己能做什么、能做多好。你准备好了吗?
教材录入说明：扫描件 expertor a specialist 应为 expert or a specialist（专家或专业人士）的连写误差，按此理解即可。
二、重点单词
footsteps n. the marks or sound of steps 脚步；follow in one's footsteps 继承父业、步某人后尘。
profession n. a job needing special training 职业；课文原句：joining the same profession as them.
prospect n. the possibility that something will happen 前景、可能性；课文原句：there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement.
retirement n. the act of stopping work permanently 退休；反义搭配 from graduation until retirement。
intention n. a plan or aim 打算；have no intention of doing sth 无意做某事。
practical adj. realistic and workable 现实可行的；课文原句：planning to work in the same field ... just isn't practical anymore.
relevant adj. still connected and useful 相关的、不过时的；课文原句：are unlikely to remain relevant.
decent adj. good enough and respectable 体面的、像样的；课文 a decent salary 一份体面的薪水。
recipe n. a set of instructions for cooking 食谱；课文引申为「诀窍、方法」（见第三节）。
innovator n. someone who introduces new ideas 创新者；与 risk taker、problem solver 并列。
occupation n. a person's job 职业（比 job 正式）；课文原句：Jobs and occupations come and go at an amazing pace.
outsource v. to arrange for outside people to do the work 外包；课文原句：your job can't be outsourced to some robots on the moon.
retrain v. to teach new skills for a new job 再培训；课文原句：be retrained in order to qualify to work in another field.
qualify v. to have or gain the required ability 取得资格；搭配 qualify to do / qualify for sth。
essential adj. completely necessary 必备的；课文 new essential skills 新的必备技能。
security n. protection against future trouble 保障；课文 Lifetime security from one employer 来自单一雇主的终身保障。
三、一词多义和熟词生义
recipe：熟义 n. 食谱 → 课文义 n.（成功的）方法、诀窍。this is hardly a recipe for great career success 这绝不是取得巨大职业成就的方法；常用搭配 a recipe for disaster 酿成灾祸的做法。
field：熟义 n. 田地、场地 → 课文义 n. 领域、行业。work in the same field or industry 与 qualify to work in another field 两处都是「领域」。
box：熟义 n. 盒子 → 课文义 n. 思维定式、框框。look beyond the little box called 'career' 跳出「职业生涯」这个小框；与 think outside the box 同理。
follow：熟义 v. 跟随 → 课文义 follow in one's footsteps 子承父业；另 follow your father to sea 中仍是「随……去」，一词两用，正好构成首尾呼应。
up to：熟义「直到、多达」→ 课文 it is up to you to decide 意为「由你决定」；同段 Up until the 1980s 中的 up until 才是「直到」。
come and go：熟义「来来去去」→ 课文 Jobs and occupations come and go at an amazing pace 指岗位不断产生又消失，是拟人化的「更替」。
四、重点词块
【职业与代际】
1. follow in one's footsteps 子承父业 2. work in the family business 经营家族生意 3. join the same profession 从事同一职业 4. from graduation until retirement 从毕业到退休 5. stay at one job for very long 长期做一份工作 6. entire working life 整个职业生涯 7. build a career 成就一番事业 8. lifetime security from one employer 单一雇主提供的终身保障
【变化与风险】
1. come and go at an amazing pace 以惊人的速度更替 2. remain relevant 保持适用 3. be out of date 过时 4. be replaced by software 被软件取代 5. be outsourced to... 被外包给…… 6. be thrown out of a career 被职业抛弃 7. go back to the classroom 重返课堂 8. be retrained 接受再培训 9. in all likelihood 极有可能
【能力与姿态】
1. a risk taker 敢于冒险者 2. an innovator 创新者 3. a problem solver 问题解决者 4. keep looking for smarter ways 不断寻找更巧妙的方法 5. develop new essential skills 培养新的必备技能 6. look beyond the little box 跳出思维定式 7. be prepared for developments and changes 为变化做好准备
【观点句型】
1. have no intention of doing 无意做…… 2. just isn't practical anymore 已不再现实 3. One reason for this is... 原因之一是…… 4. hardly a recipe for... 绝非……的诀窍 5. It is entirely your choice to... 完全由你选择 6. it is up to you to decide 由你决定 7. The truth is that... 事实是…… 8. In short 简言之
五、长难句拆解
句1
【原句】The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough to help you through your entire career.
【主干】The skills are unlikely to remain relevant and (to) be enough.
【分层】you have now 为省略关系代词的定语从句修饰 The skills；be unlikely to do 为谓语结构；and 连接 remain relevant 与 be enough 两个并列不定式（第二个 to 省略）；to help you through your entire career 作 enough 的结果／程度状语。
【翻译】你现在掌握的技能，不太可能一直适用，也不足以支撑你走完整个职业生涯。
【考点】be unlikely to do（否定倾向的推测）+ 并列不定式 + enough to do；定语从句省略关系代词是阅读时最易「看漏主干」的地方。
句2
【原句】If you think you can't be replaced by software, or your job can't be outsourced to some robots on the moon, you are wrong.
【主干】you are wrong（主句），前面是 If 引导的条件状语从句。
【分层】If you think 后接两个并列的宾语从句：(that) you can't be replaced by software 与 (that) your job can't be outsourced to...，由 or 连接；两个从句都用被动语态；to some robots on the moon 是夸张修辞，强化「外包无处不在」。
【翻译】如果你认为自己不会被软件取代，或者自己的工作不可能外包给月球上的机器人，那你就错了。
【考点】并列宾语从句中第二个 that 可省但结构不能断；情态被动 can't be done；条件从句用一般现在时代替将来。
句3
【原句】The truth is that you are the boss of your career, and it is up to you to decide what you can do and how well you can do it.
【主干】The truth is that..., and it is up to you to decide...
【分层】that 引导表语从句；and 连接两个并列分句；第二个分句中 it 作形式主语，真正主语是 to decide...；decide 后接 what 与 how well 引导的两个并列宾语从句。
【翻译】事实是，你才是自己职业生涯的老板，也只有你能决定自己能做什么、能做得多好。
【考点】表语从句 + 形式主语 + 疑问词引导的并列宾语从句；结尾 <em>Are you ready for this?</em> 用反问收束，是演讲式议论文的常用收尾。
六、语法点清单（从句与非谓语）
一、从句
1. 宾语从句：If you think (that) you can work eight hours a day and build a career；finish what you are asked to do（what 从句作宾语，内含被动）。
2. 条件状语从句：If you think... / if you finish... / What if your job disappears after working for 10 years...?（What if 提出假设）。
3. 时间状语：before you are thrown out of a career；when the boat crashed 类结构可对照；while you're still young and healthy。
4. 定语从句：a job you like（省略关系代词）；the little box called 'career'（过去分词作后置定语）。
二、非谓语
1. 动名词作主语：planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn't practical anymore（谓语用单数 isn't）。
2. 动名词并列作同位说明：working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you're still young and healthy。
3. 动名词被动：rather than being told to stay or to go（rather than 后接 doing）。
4. 不定式作目的状语：in order to qualify to work in another field；to be retrained 为不定式被动式。
5. 祈使句 + and + 陈述句：Keep doing this, and you can become an expert ... one day（= If you keep doing this, you can...）。
三、被动语态与情态
1. be replaced by / be outsourced to / be retrained / be thrown out of / be told to do，本课被动密度极高，正好体现「人被动承受变化」的主题。
2. 情态与推测：You might be lucky；you will have to develop new essential skills；in all likelihood you will have to do this multiple times。
四、省略与衔接
You'd = You would（表过去习惯性假设）；How times have changed!（感叹句转场）；In fact / Instead / But / In short 构成段落间的转折与收束。
七、逻辑链
① 旧图景：20 世纪 80 年代以前，子承父业普遍，祖辈往往从毕业到退休只做一份工作。
② 现状反转：How times have changed! 如今多数人既不打算继承父业，也不愿久留一份工作。
③ 原因一（技术）：现有技能会迅速过时，无法支撑整个职业生涯，靠「努力 / 中奖 / 顺其自然」都靠不住。
④ 提出新视野：必须跳出「职业」这个小框，看到更长远的能力建设。
⑤ 原因二（工作观）：一天八小时、完成指派任务只能保住饭碗，不是成就事业的配方；要持续找更聪明的方法，做冒险者、创新者、问题解决者。
⑥ 原因三（岗位更替）：软件替代与外包随时可能发生，十年岗位消失后要重返课堂再培训，而且很可能重复多次。
⑦ 关键选择：与其被职业抛弃后被动学习，不如提前准备——主动学还是被迫学，完全取决于自己。
⑧ 结论：21 世纪需要新的必备技能，终身雇佣保障不再确定；你就是自己职业生涯的老板。
写法提炼：以「时间对照」开篇（Up until... / Most people now...），中段用 One reason for this is / What if... / In fact 层层加压，末段用 In short + The truth is that... 收束并反问。这是「现象—归因—对策」的标准职场议论文骨架。
八、写作迁移（仿写与输出）
仿写模板：Up until ..., people ... In fact, ... just isn't practical anymore. One reason for this is ... Instead, you'd better ... Keep doing this, and you can ... It is entirely your choice to ..., or to ...
示范：Up until a few years ago, students could rely on memorising model essays. In fact, simply reciting samples just isn't practical anymore. One reason for this is that exam questions now test real thinking. Instead, you'd better keep collecting ideas and rewriting your own drafts. Keep doing this, and you can become a genuinely independent writer one day.
可迁移句式：① 动名词作主语（Planning to ... isn't practical）② 祈使句 + and + will/can ③ in order to qualify to do（目的链）④ rather than being told to do（被动式对照）⑤ it is up to you to decide what ... and how well ...
输出任务：以「AI 时代的职业规划」为题写 120 词短文。要求：用 1 个动名词作主语、2 处被动语态、1 个「祈使句 + and」结构，并至少调用 3 个本课词块（be out of date / be replaced by / go back to the classroom / look beyond the little box / be up to you）。
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