Using Language 课文精读 · 中国古代艺术展览
一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
The Richfield Museum of Fine Art is proud to present our new exhibition, "from Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages." Join us as we explore more than 3,000 years of wonderful art from the Middle Kingdom. From bronze bowls to ceramic vases, and jade sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times.
里奇菲尔德美术博物馆很荣幸为您介绍我们的新展览——"从商朝到清朝：历代中国艺术"。加入我们一起来探索来自中央王国（即中国）具有 3,000 多年历史的美妙艺术。从青铜碗到陶瓷花瓶，从玉雕到水墨画，我们的目标是展示中国古代的艺术天分。
第2段
The highlight of this exhibition is the painting Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, one of the great works of Tang Yin (1470-1524). Born during the Ming Dynasty, Tang sought and failed to gain entry into the civil service, so he turned to painting instead. In time, he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. This painting, showing high mountains, trees, and houses covered in snow, was made with extraordinary skill. Though it is over 500 years old, it looks as fresh and full of life as the day it was created.
本次展览的亮点是唐寅（1470—1524）的杰作之一——《函关雪霁图》。唐寅出生在明朝，他曾试图考取文官，但失败了，所以他转而从事绘画。最终，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。这幅画运用了非凡的技巧，展现了高山、树木和被雪覆盖的房屋。虽然它已经有 500 多年的历史了，但看起来清新且充满生机，就像刚被创作出来一样。
第3段
Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BCE). While the artists who made these great works are not known, they showed great skill in creating these beautiful pieces. Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711-1799), a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
同样十分重要的（看点）是来自商代（公元前 1600—公元前 1046）的近百件青铜器藏品。虽然不清楚创作这些伟大作品的艺术家是谁，但他们在创作这些美丽的作品时表现出了高超的技艺。其中一些展品被认为是乾隆皇帝（1711—1799）的收藏品，乾隆皇帝十分赞赏商朝的青铜器。
第4段
Finally, we have many fine examples of Tang Dynasty (618-907) sculptures. Most of these are of Buddhist origin. Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not really begin to show expansion until the seventh century. During this same period, trade along the Silk Road also boomed. Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influenced by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road. These works were intended to spread Buddhism and they are of exceptional beauty and quality. Looking at the faces of the figures in these sculptures, one sees the faces of the past. History is brought to life.
最后，我们还有许多唐代（618—907）的雕塑精品。这些雕塑中大多数与佛教有关。虽然很早之前佛教便传入了中国，但直到公元 7 世纪它才真正开始传播开来。与此同时，丝绸之路沿线的贸易也蓬勃发展。因此，中国雕塑深受由印度和中亚经丝绸之路传来的佛教艺术的影响。这些作品是为了传播佛教，而且它们外观精美、品质上乘。看着这些雕塑中人物的脸，你会看到过去的面孔。历史被赋予了生命。
第5段
This is just a small taste of what is in store for you in this exhibition. We guarantee that "From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages" will transport you to another time with its amazing collection of works. "From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages" will run until November 25.
这只是本次展览供您参观的展品中的一小部分。我们保证"从商朝到清朝：历代中国艺术"展将凭借其令人惊叹的藏品让你穿越至另一个时代。"从商朝到清朝：历代中国艺术"展将持续到 11 月 25 日。
第6段
Opening hours are from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., from Tuesday to Sunday (the museum is closed on Mondays). No one will be admitted into the exhibition after 4:30 p.m..
开放时间为星期二到星期日的上午 9 点到下午 5 点（博物馆星期一闭馆）。下午四点半以后不准任何人进入展馆。
第7段
Admission: $10 for adults; $8 for students; $5 for children under 12; free for children under 5.
门票：成人 10 美元；学生 8 美元；12 岁以下儿童 5 美元；5 岁以下儿童免费。
第8段
No photos or food and drink are allowed in the museum.
博物馆内禁止拍照和饮食。
二、重点单词
present v.：展示；呈现；颁发。The museum is proud to present our new exhibition.
exhibition n.：展览；展出。our new exhibition, "from Shang to Qing ..."
explore v.：探索；探究。Join us as we explore more than 3,000 years of art.
genius n.：天才；天赋。display the Chinese artistic genius
highlight n.：最精彩的部分；亮点。The highlight of this exhibition is the painting ...
recognition n.：认可；认出；赏识。he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists
extraordinary adj.：非凡的；杰出的。was made with extraordinary skill
primary adj.：主要的；首要的。Also of primary note is a collection ...
collection n.：收藏品；收集。a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects
display n. / v.：陈列；展示。Some of the items on display ...
sculpture n.：雕塑；雕刻品。many fine examples of Tang Dynasty sculptures
origin n.：起源；来源。Most of these are of Buddhist origin.
Buddhism n.：佛教。it did not really begin to show expansion until the seventh century
expansion n.：扩张；扩展；传播。Buddhism ... begin to show expansion
boom v.：繁荣；迅猛发展。trade along the Silk Road also boomed
exceptional adj.：杰出的；罕见的。they are of exceptional beauty and quality
admission n.：入场费；准许进入。Admission: $10 for adults ...
bronze n.：青铜；青铜器。a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects
ceramic adj.：陶瓷的。From bronze bowls to ceramic vases
jade n.：玉；翡翠。jade sculptures
三、一词多义与熟词生义
present 常见义为"礼物"或"现在的"，作动词常指"赠送、呈现"；课文 is proud to present our new exhibition 中引申为"展出、推出（展览）"，是博物馆/展览语境的常用义。
note 常见义为"笔记、便条"，课文 of primary note 是固定搭配，note 意为"重要性、值得注意"，of primary note 即"首要的、特别值得关注的"。
run 常见义为"跑、运转"，课文 will run until November 25 中指展览"持续、展出（一段时间）"，是活动类语境的熟词生义。
admit 常见义为"承认"，课文 No one will be admitted into the exhibition 中意为"准许……进入"，与 admission（入场）呼应。
origin 常见义为"出身、血统"，课文 of Buddhist origin 中指事物的"起源、来源"，说明雕塑与佛教的渊源。
display 常见义为动词"展示"，课文 items on display 中 display 作名词，意为"陈列、展出（的状态）"，on display 即"在展出中"。
四、重点词块
be proud to 很荣幸（做某事）
from Shang to Qing 从商朝到清朝
more than 3,000 years of 三千多年的
the Middle Kingdom 中国（中央王国）
artistic genius 艺术天才
the highlight of 最精彩的部分是
gain entry into the civil service 进入仕途；考取文官
turn to 转向；转而从事
in time 最终；迟早
gain recognition as 作为……获得认可
covered in snow 被雪覆盖
as fresh as 像……一样清新
of primary note 同样重要的是；尤为值得注意的是
on display 展出中
be thought to have come from 被认为来自
Buddhist origin 佛教起源
along the Silk Road 沿着丝绸之路
bring ... to life 使……生动；使……焕发生命
run until 持续到
be admitted into 被允许进入
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】The Richfield Museum of Fine Art is proud to present our new exhibition, "from Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages."
【主干】The museum is proud to present our new exhibition.
【分层】主语 The Richfield Museum of Fine Art 较长；谓语 is proud to present 中 proud 后接不定式；引号内 "from Shang to Qing: ..." 为 exhibition 的同位语，解释展览名称。
【译文】里奇菲尔德美术博物馆很荣幸为您介绍我们的新展览——"从商朝到清朝：历代中国艺术"。
【考点】形容词 proud + 不定式；同位语（引号内展览名）。
【原句 2】Born during the Ming Dynasty, Tang sought and failed to gain entry into the civil service, so he turned to painting instead.
【主干】Tang sought and failed, so he turned to painting.
【分层】Born during the Ming Dynasty 为过去分词短语作时间/原因状语，相当于 After he was born ...；sought and failed 共用宾语 to gain entry ...（不定式作宾语）；so 引导结果状语从句。
【译文】唐寅出生在明朝，他曾试图考取文官，但失败了，所以他转而从事绘画。
【考点】过去分词作状语；并列谓语 sought and failed；so 表结果。
【原句 3】This painting, showing high mountains, trees, and houses covered in snow, was made with extraordinary skill.
【主干】This painting was made with extraordinary skill.
【分层】showing ... 为现在分词短语作后置定语修饰 painting；covered in snow 为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 houses；谓语 was made 为一般过去时被动语态，with extraordinary skill 表方式。
【译文】这幅画运用了非凡的技巧，展现了高山、树木和被雪覆盖的房屋。
【考点】现在分词与过去分词作后置定语；被动语态。
【原句 4】Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong, a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
【主干】Some of the items are thought to have come from the collection.
【分层】on display 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 items；谓语 are thought to have come 为"被动 + 不定式完成式"，表示"被认为曾经来自"；a great admirer ... 为 Emperor Qianlong 的同位语。
【译文】其中一些展品被认为是乾隆皇帝（1711—1799）的收藏品，乾隆皇帝十分赞赏商朝的青铜器。
【考点】被动语态 + 不定式完成式（to have done）；同位语。
【原句 5】Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influenced by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road.
【主干】Chinese sculpture found itself influenced by Buddhist art.
【分层】thus 为副词表"因此"；found itself + 过去分词 influenced 构成"发现自己处于某种状态"结构；by Buddhist art 引出动作执行者；brought from ... 为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 Buddhist art，through the Silk Road 表途径。
【译文】因此，中国雕塑深受由印度和中亚经丝绸之路传来的佛教艺术的影响。
【考点】find + 宾语 + 过去分词（宾语补足语）；过去分词作后置定语；被动 by 短语。
六、语法点清单
1. 被动语态（本课核心语法）
are thought to have come from ...；was made with extraordinary skill；found itself highly influenced by ...；are of exceptional beauty and quality；History is brought to life；No one will be admitted ...；No photos ... are allowed。多用于客观介绍展品来历、制作与规定，突出动作承受者。
2. 过去分词作状语与定语
Born during the Ming Dynasty（时间/原因状语）；houses covered in snow、Buddhist art brought from India（后置定语）。过去分词表"被动、完成"。
3. 现在分词作定语
showing high mountains, trees, and houses ... 修饰 painting，表主动、进行。
4. 同位语
"from Shang to Qing: ..."（解释 exhibition）；Emperor Qianlong, a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze（解释乾隆身份）。
5. 一般将来时
... will transport you ...；will run until November 25；No one will be admitted ...。用于说明展期、承诺与规定等将来动作。
6. 定语从句（who）
the artists who made these great works；Buddhism entered China much earlier（内含时间状语从句）。who 在定语从句中作主语。
7. 并列与转折（while / even though）
While the artists ... are not known, they showed ...（while 表"尽管"）；Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not ... until ...（even though 表让步）。
七、逻辑链
总起（第1段）：博物馆推出"从商到清"展 → 概览三千年中国艺术（青铜/陶瓷/玉雕/水墨）
↓
亮点一（第2段）：唐寅《函关雪霁图》——明代落第文人，终成一代大师，画作技艺非凡
↓
亮点二（第3段）：商代青铜近百件——作者无名却技艺高超，部分疑为乾隆旧藏
↓
亮点三（第4段）：唐代佛教雕塑——受丝路佛教艺术影响，精美且"让历史活起来"
↓
收尾（第5—8段）：诚邀参观 → 展期 → 开放时间 → 门票 → 入馆须知
这是一篇"总—分—总"结构的展览说明文（应用文）：第1段以总说引出展览主题与范围；第2—4段分述三大看点（画、青铜器、雕塑），每段先点明展品，再交代背景与价值；第5—8段回到"邀请参观"的实用信息，含展期、时间、票价与禁令。全文以介绍性、号召性语气为主，被动语态贯穿，突出展品而非主观评价。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：... is proud to present ...
课文：The Richfield Museum of Fine Art is proud to present our new exhibition ...
仿写：Our school is proud to present the annual Art Festival next week.（我校很荣幸将于下周推出一年一度的艺术节。）——用于机构/活动开场宣布。
模板 2：The highlight of this exhibition is ...
课文：The highlight of this exhibition is the painting Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass ...
仿写：The highlight of the fair is the robot designed by our students.（本次展会的亮点是本校学生设计的机器人。）——用于突出"最值得看"的展品/环节。
模板 3：Born during ..., ... sought and failed to ..., so he turned to ... instead.
课文：Born during the Ming Dynasty, Tang sought and failed to gain entry into the civil service, so he turned to painting instead.
仿写：Born into a poor family, she sought and failed to become a singer, so she turned to writing instead.（她出身贫寒，曾想当歌手却未能如愿，于是转而写作。）——用于叙述人物"转折经历"。
模板 4：Some of the items on display are thought to have come from ...
课文：Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong ...
仿写：Some of the manuscripts on display are thought to have come from a lost library.（一些展出的手稿被认为来自一座已消失的图书馆。）——用于客观推测展品来历（被动 + 不定式完成式）。
模板 5：No ... are allowed in ...
课文：No photos or food and drink are allowed in the museum.
仿写：No mobile phones or pets are allowed in the library.（图书馆内禁止手机和宠物入内。）——用于张贴规定、公告禁令。
模板 6：... found itself highly influenced by ...
课文：Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influenced by Buddhist art ...
仿写：Local cuisine found itself highly influenced by foreign cultures along the trade route.（当地饮食因而深受贸易沿线外来文化的影响。）——用于说明事物"深受……影响"的状态。
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