Using Language 课文精读 · 我们该抵制新技术吗？
一、课文原文及逐段翻译
第1段
This morning, I saw the shocking headline: "Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode". In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They argued that such technology would put lives at risk and take away jobs from professional drivers.
今天早上，我看到了一则令人震惊的标题："汽车在无人驾驶模式下撞车，乘客身亡"。在文章中，许多人表示公众应当反对研发无人驾驶汽车。他们辩称，这类技术会把生命置于危险之中，并夺走职业司机的饭碗。
第2段
However, I find this view shortsighted. Throughout history, new technology has always met with fear and opposition. When the printing press was first introduced, some worried it would spread misinformation. When computers appeared, many feared they would replace human workers. Yet today both are indispensable. The same is true of driverless cars: initial fear does not mean we should fight progress.
然而，我认为这种看法目光短浅。纵观历史，新技术总会遭遇恐惧与反对。印刷机刚问世时，有人担心它会传播错误信息；计算机出现时，许多人害怕它会取代人力。可如今二者都不可或缺。无人驾驶汽车也是如此：最初的恐惧并不意味着我们应当抵制进步。
第3段
In fact, driverless cars may bring real benefits. Most road accidents are caused by human error — drunk, tired or distracted driving. Machines do not get sleepy or look at their phones. Besides, such cars could give mobility to the elderly and the disabled who cannot drive themselves, greatly improving their quality of life.
事实上，无人驾驶汽车可能带来实实在在的好处。大多数交通事故由人为失误造成——酒驾、疲劳驾驶或分心驾驶。机器不会犯困，也不会看手机。此外，这类汽车能让无法开车的老人与残障人士获得出行能力，大幅提升他们的生活质量。
第4段
Of course, concerns are not completely groundless. A connected car could be hacked, and drivers may lose jobs. But these problems call for smart regulation and new training, not a ban. Technology has always destroyed some old jobs while creating new ones, and driverless cars are no exception.
当然，担忧也并非毫无根据。联网汽车可能被黑客攻击，司机也可能失业。但这些问题需要的是明智的监管与新的培训，而不是一禁了之。技术向来在消灭一些旧岗位的同时创造新岗位，无人驾驶汽车也不例外。
第5段
So should we fight new technology? My answer is no. We should welcome it with open eyes, manage its risks, and make sure its rewards are shared by all. Only by doing so can we benefit from the future instead of fearing it.
那么，我们该抵制新技术吗？我的答案是否定的。我们应当睁大眼睛欢迎它、管控它的风险，并确保其红利由所有人共享。唯有如此，我们才能从未来中获益，而非对它心生恐惧。
二、重点单词
headline n.：大字标题；新闻摘要。the shocking headline
oppose v.：反对；抵制。oppose the idea of developing driverless cars
shortsighted adj.：目光短浅的；近视的。this view is shortsighted
indispensable adj.：不可或缺的。both are indispensable
distracted adj.：分心的；注意力分散的。distracted driving
mobility n.：移动能力；流动性。give mobility to the elderly
disabled adj.：残障的；有缺陷的。the elderly and the disabled
groundless adj.：无根据的；无理由的。concerns are not completely groundless
regulation n.：规章；监管。smart regulation
ban n. / v.：禁令；禁止。not a ban
三、一词多义与熟词生义
headline 常见义"头条新闻"，课文中 the shocking headline 指"（新闻的）大标题"，作引子引出话题。
press 常见义作动词"按、压"，课文中 the printing press 指"印刷机"（名词）。
mode 常见义"模式、方式"，课文中 Driverless Mode 为专有搭配"无人驾驶模式"。
reward 常见义"奖励、报酬"，课文中 its rewards 指"（技术带来的）好处、红利"。
call for 常见义"打电话要"，课文中 These problems call for smart regulation 意为"需要、要求"。
四、重点词块
put ... at risk 使……处于危险中
take away 夺走；拿走
meet with 遭遇；受到
spread misinformation 传播错误信息
replace human workers 取代人力
be caused by 由……引起
look at their phones 看手机（分心）
give mobility to 给……出行能力
not completely groundless 并非毫无根据
call for 需要；要求
instead of 而不是；取代
share the rewards 共享红利
五、长难句拆解
【原句 1】In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.
【主干】various people said that ...
【分层】that 引导宾语从句；从句主语 the public，谓语 should oppose，宾语 the idea，of developing driverless cars 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 idea。
【译文】在文章中，许多人表示公众应当反对研发无人驾驶汽车。
【考点】that 宾语从句；of doing 短语作后置定语。
【原句 2】Most road accidents are caused by human error — drunk, tired or distracted driving.
【主干】Most road accidents are caused by human error.
【分层】are caused by 为一般现在时被动语态；破折号后 drunk, tired or distracted driving 为 human error 的同位语，举例说明。
【译文】大多数交通事故由人为失误造成——酒驾、疲劳驾驶或分心驾驶。
【考点】被动语态；同位语列举；破折号的补充用法。
【原句 3】Only by doing so can we benefit from the future instead of fearing it.
【主干】can we benefit from the future.
【分层】Only by doing so 为"only + 介词短语"置于句首，引发部分倒装（can we ...）；instead of fearing it 为介词短语作状语。
【译文】唯有如此，我们才能从未来中获益，而非对它心生恐惧。
【考点】only 开头的倒装句；instead of + 动名词；benefit from 搭配。
六、语法点清单
1. 被动语态（一般现在时 / 过去时）
are caused by human error；could be hacked。强调动作承受者。
2. that / what 引导的名词性从句
said that ...（宾语从句）；the view (that) ... 隐含。注意 said 后 that 可省。
3. 并列连词丰富使用
drunk, tired or distracted driving；destroyed ... while creating ...。or / while 连接并列或对比成分。
4. only + 状语 置于句首引起部分倒装
Only by doing so can we ...。助动词 can 提前，主语 we 在后。
5. 介词 + 动名词
instead of fearing it；of developing driverless cars；by doing so。介词后接 doing。
6. 破折号与同位语
human error — drunk, tired or distracted driving。用破折号引出解释性同位语。
七、逻辑链
现象引入（第1段）：无人驾驶致死新闻 → 公众反对声起
↓
立论（第2段）：反对是短视的——历史上新技术皆遭恐惧，终成必需
↓
利（第3段）：减少人因事故、赋能老弱残障
↓
弊与对策（第4段）：黑客、失业等担忧有道理，但应监管而非禁止
↓
结论（第5段）：不抵制，开放接纳 + 管控风险 + 共享红利
这是一篇"驳论 + 立论"的议论文：第1段摆出反方观点；第2—4段先破后立，用历史类比、利弊分析展开；第5段给出明确结论与行动建议。
八、写作迁移
模板 1：However, I find this view shortsighted.
课文：However, I find this view shortsighted.
仿写：However, I find this view one-sided.（然而，我认为这种看法片面。）——用于驳论开头，亮明立场。
模板 2：When ... was first introduced, some worried ...
课文：When the printing press was first introduced, some worried it would spread misinformation.
仿写：When social media first appeared, some worried it would harm real communication.（社交媒体刚出现时，有人担心它会损害真实交流。）——用于历史类比论证。
模板 3：Most ... are caused by ...
课文：Most road accidents are caused by human error.
仿写：Most fires are caused by carelessness.（大多数火灾由疏忽引起。）——用于因果分析。
模板 4：... call for ..., not a ban.
课文：These problems call for smart regulation and new training, not a ban.
仿写：The crisis calls for joint action, not panic.（这场危机需要联合行动，而非恐慌。）——用于提出建设性对策。
模板 5：Only by doing so can we ...
课文：Only by doing so can we benefit from the future instead of fearing it.
仿写：Only by practising daily can we master a language.（只有每天练习，我们才能掌握一门语言。）——用于结尾强调条件与倒装。
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