高考英语D篇阅读理解真题23篇

（一）2026年6月高考英语全国1卷-阅读D篇

A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive（认知的）effects of merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is. In the study, 187 people were invited to visit Kettle's Yard gallery during an exhibition of handmade clay objects. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the "beauty" group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed, while the control group just matched a line drawing of the object with the artwork itself.

All participants were then tested on how they process information, and whether it's in a more practical or abstract way. Across all participants, those in the beauty group scored almost 14% higher on average than the control group in abstract thinking. While they were told the study was about cognitive processes, participants were asked about interests, with around half saying they had an artistic hobby. Among those, the effect was greater: those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group.

Emotional states of participants were also measured by asking about their feelings while completing the gallery task. Across all participants, those in the beauty group reported an average of 23% higher levels of "transformative and self-transcendent feelings"—such as feeling moved, enlightened and inspired—than the control group. Importantly, however, the beauty group did not report feeling any happier than the control group, suggesting that it was the engagement with beauty that influenced abstract thinking, rather than any overall positivity from the experience.

"We usually think in very concrete terms when doing something on a screen," said Simone Schnall, senior author of the study. "It's becoming much rarer to zone out and just let the mind wander, but that's when we think in ways that broaden our minds. Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes."

32. What was the beauty group asked to do with the clay objects?
A. Draw their outlines.
B. Give each piece a rating.
C. Compare their prices.
D. Make a copy of each piece.

答案解析： B。根据第二段"the 'beauty' group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed"可知，美组被要求积极思考并给每件作品的美观度打分，"rate"与选项B中的"Give each piece a rating"同义。故选B。

33. Which participants got the highest score on average in the test?
A. Beauty group, with an artistic hobby.
B. Beauty group, without an artistic hobby.
C. Control group, with an artistic hobby.
D. Control group, without an artistic hobby.

答案解析： A。根据第三段"those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group"可知，美组中有艺术爱好的人抽象思维得分最高，超越其他所有组别。故选A。

34. Why were the participants' emotional states measured?
A. To discover their attitudes towards art.
B. To identify their specific thinking patterns.
C. To examine the difficulty of the tasks.
D. To determine factors behind the test results.

答案解析： D。根据第四段，研究者测量情绪状态后发现美组虽然"超越性情感"更强，但并未比对照组更快乐，由此排除了整体积极情绪的影响，从而确定是"对美的投入"这一因素导致抽象思维提升。这说明测量情绪是为了弄清测试结果背后的真正原因。故选D。

35. What is the major finding of the study regarding the appreciation of art?
A. It enhances emotional ties.
B. It needs critical thinking skills.
C. It creates positive feelings.
D. It encourages abstract thinking.

答案解析： D。全文围绕"评判艺术之美促进抽象思维"展开，最后一段也明确指出"Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes"，与此直接对应。故选D。

（二）2026年6月高考英语全国2卷-阅读D篇

The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car.

Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe's difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. Sixteen stations of Barcelona's subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains' brakes（刹车）is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables（电缆）to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles.

Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. "I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in," Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. "And if it is from energy from the trains' brakes, then even better."

Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate（加速）the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers.

Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses—in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency.

32. Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project?
A. To fuel the city's economy.
B. To enhance passengers' experience.
C. To promote green transportation.
D. To raise the quality of electric cars.

答案解析： C。根据第二段"Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe's difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market."可知，该项目旨在让公共交通更环保，应对气候变化，并助力电动汽车市场推广，即推动绿色交通。故选C。

33. What is Espinoza's concern?
A. How to cut his travel expenses.
B. Where to get a parking space.
C. How to avoid rush-hour traffic.
D. Where to find a charging point.

答案解析： D。根据第四段Espinoza所说"I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in"可知，他一直在为电动汽车寻找充电地点，这是他日常的关切。故选D。

34. What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5?
A. Their operating conditions.
B. Their conventional standard.
C. Their potential risks.
D. Their working mechanism.

答案解析： D。第五段说明再生制动器由电动机收集制动能量（传统刹车会以热量形式损失），并指出这些能量可立即用于车辆加速，或在巴塞罗那地铁系统中通过电缆为车站或充电桩供电。这集中介绍了再生制动器的工作原理。故选D。

35. What did Luna say about the system?
A. It uses reclaimed energy creatively.
B. It improves workers' efficiency.
C. It prioritizes the safety of trains.
D. It generates jobs for the locals.

答案解析： A。最后一段Luna教授指出，该系统创新之处在于能让回收的能量重新定向到特定本地用途，为附近电动车充电，从而提高效率。这说明系统创造性地利用了回收能源。故选A。

（三）2026年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读D篇

Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change. Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization（优化）aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage.

To design these climate-saving plants, the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP—an AI software that tracks multiple features of root growth. Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab. Now, Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants.

In a study published in Plant Phenomics, Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to analyze plant root phenotypes—how deep and wide they grow, how massive their root systems become, and other physical qualities. Prior to SLEAP, tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of labor that slowed the scientific process. SLEAP uses computer vision (the ability for computers to understand images) and deep learning (an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help researchers process images much more quickly.

The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog（目录）of plant root phenotypes to date. What's more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes（基因）associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs.

"Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful," says Pereira. "We're not just 'borrowing' from different disciplines—we're really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts."

32. What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve?
A. Keeping more carbon in plants.
B. Optimizing the use of energy.
C. Enhancing biological diversity.
D. Reducing carbon absorption.

答案解析： A。第一段明确指出，科学家通过增强植物根系系统来增加碳储存量并延长储存时间，因此目标是通过植物储存更多碳。故选A。

33. Why did Pereira create SLEAP?
A. To generate plant images.
B. To conduct research on animals.
C. To study climate patterns.
D. To track features of root growth.

答案解析： B。第二段提到，SLEAP最初是为追踪实验室动物运动而设计的，后来才被应用于植物研究。故选B。

34. What will SLEAP help the scientists do?
A. Pick out diseased plants in the forest.
B. Collect samples of plant root systems.
C. Identify genes for desirable plant roots.
D. Preserve the genes of endangered plants.

答案解析： C。第四段指出，SLEAP帮助科学家建立根系特征目录，并定位与这些特征相关的基因，从而设计更优的固碳植物。故选C。

35. What can be inferred from Pereira's words?
A. Academic disciplines are of equal importance.
B. Computer programming is a must for scientists.
C. Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity.
D. Cooperation outweighs competition in research.

答案解析： C。最后一段中Pereira强调，合作不仅是"借用"不同学科，而是将其平等融合以创造更大价值，体现了跨学科方法对科研创新的促进作用。故选C。

（四）2025年6月高考英语全国1卷-阅读D篇

Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.

Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap（水龙头）: boiling and filtering（过滤）it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.

Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate（碳酸钙）to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.

Additionally, the research didn't include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that's becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.

Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. "The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice," Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. "We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics."

32. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph?
A. By quoting an expert.
B. By defining a concept.
C. By giving examples.
D. By providing statistics.

答案解析： C。第一段通过列举微塑料遍布深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩、海鸟腹中、南极新雪乃至人体内等具体实例，生动呈现了微塑料污染这一全球性问题的普遍性和严重性，属于典型的"举例子"手法。故选C。

33. What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water?
A. The hardness of water.
B. The length of cooling time.
C. The frequency of filtering.
D. The type of plastic in water.

答案解析： A。根据第三段关键信息"this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate"以及后续对比数据（硬水去除近90%，软水仅去除25%）可知，水中碳酸钙的含量，即水的硬度，直接决定了微塑料被捕获的效果。故选A。

34. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4?
A. The importance of plastic recycling.
B. The severity of the microplastic problem.
C. The danger in overusing pure water.
D. The difficulty in treating polluted water.

答案解析： B。第四段在介绍完煮沸法后，补充指出"今年早些时候科学家发现，瓶装水中的微塑料含量比原先认为的多10到1000倍"，意在通过这一新数据进一步凸显微塑料污染问题的严峻程度，而并非讨论塑料回收、纯净水危害或水处理难度。故选B。

35. What is Gauchotte-Lindsay's suggestion about?
A. Choice of new research methods.
B. Possible direction for further study.
C. Need to involve more researchers.
D. Potential application of the findings.

答案解析： D。文章最后Gauchotte-Lindsay表示"我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便它们能去除微塑料"，这是基于研究发现提出的现实应用方向，即建议将该研究的发现转化为实际应用，而非建议新研究方法、进一步研究方向或增加研究人员。故选D。